摘要
青藏高原(简称高原,下文同)是全球气候系统的重要组成部分,其气候因子、动力及热力作用对全球气候系统的变化有着深刻的影响。本文就近代高原地表气温不同年代际的变化、空间分布及其与我国其它区域同期气温变化的关系等方面的研究进展进行回顾和总结。经过研究分析表明,高原的气温变化呈明显的年代际特征。近百年来高原的气温可分2个冷期2个暖期,其间有3次突变,即1920年代以前偏冷,1920～1950年代气温回升,1950～1980年代气温下降,1980年代至今气温持续偏高。各次气温突变时间中高原均提前于我国其它地区,且全国有北方提前于南方,高纬提前于低纬的现象;高原上大多数区域日最低气温增温幅度是日最高温度的增温幅度的1～3倍,日较差变小,4季中冬季增温最为明显;由于地域辽阔,地形复杂,就高原本身主体而言,各区域的温度变化也存在差异。已有的研究成果表明,高原主体的气温变化最先出现在高原东南部和海拔较高的区域。
Tibetan Plateau is an important part of the global climate system,its dynamic effect,heat effect and climatic factors have profound impacts on the global climate system change.This article reviewed and summarized the researches on different interdecadal changes of plateau surface air temperature,and its relationship with temperature change in the same period of other regions in China.Analysis shows that the plateau temperature changed with apparent interdecadal characteristics.The plateau temperature over the past century could be divided into two cold periods and two warm periods,and there were three abrupt changes.The time of three temperature＇s abrupt change over Tibetan Plateau was ahead of other regions in China.The warming rate of daily minimum temperature was 1 to 3 times of the daily maximum temperature in most regions of the plateau,and the daily temperature range was becoming smaller,and temperature increase in winter was most obvious.Because of vast and varied topography,there were regional differences in temperature change over Tibetan Plateau.Existing research results indicated that plateau temperature change first appeared in the south-east region and higher elevation region.
出处
《干旱气象》
2010年第3期265-269,290,共6页
Journal of Arid Meteorology
基金
国家自然科学基金(40805009)
2010气象行业专项(GYHY201006038)共同资助
关键词
青藏高原
气温突变
特征
区域差异
Tibetan Plateau
abrupt change of temperature
characteristics
regional difference
