摘要
目的了解患儿泌尿道感染的常见病原菌及对常用抗菌药物的敏感情况,为临床用药提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析医院2006年1月-2009年12月6586例中段尿培养,对鉴定出的致病菌运用K-B琼脂扩散法进行药物敏感试验。结果 2006-2009年的阳性分离率依次为7.99%、8.40%、9.86%、13.38%,呈上升趋势;最常见为革兰阴性菌,以大肠埃希菌、克雷伯菌属、铜绿假单胞菌为主;前两者ESBLs阳性菌株占多数(>65.00%);革兰阳性菌以肠球菌属为主,检出率呈上升趋势;ESBLs阳性菌对青霉素类、第一、二代头孢菌素和头孢噻肟的耐药率均>60.00%,对头孢他啶、第四代头孢菌素、头霉素类和含β-内酰胺酶抑制剂的药物耐药率较低;ESBLs阴性菌和铜绿假单胞菌的耐药率较低;发现1例耐亚胺培南肺炎克雷伯菌,肠球菌属对万古霉素和替考拉宁的敏感性达100.00%。结论肠杆菌科细菌和肠球菌属是患儿尿路感染的常见致病菌;因细菌耐药性的不断变化,应根据药敏试验结果选用合理有效的抗菌药物。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the etiology of urinary tract infections caused by bacteria and the sensitivities of antibiotics against bacteria isolated from urinary tract infected children.METHODS Urine specimens for bacterial cultures were collected with sterile tube from 6586 patients.The bacteria and the sensitivities of antibiotics were determined by Kirby-Bauer-diffuse methods in vitro.RESULTS Between 2006 and 2009,the positive rates were 7.99%,8.40%,9.86% and 13.38%,respectively.The most common bacteria were Gram-negative bacillus,including strains of Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonsa aeruginosa and so on.The rates of ESBLs＋ Gram-positive bacillus were above 65%.The next ones were Enterococcus which increased.Resistant rates of ESBLs＋ Gram-negative bacillus to ampicillin,the first and second generation cephalosporins and Cefotaxime were above 60%,and the resistant rates to other antibiotics including β-lactamase inhibitor,some third and fourth-generation cephalosporins were lower.One resistant isolate to imipenem was found.All of Enterococcus were susceptible to vancomycin and teicoplanin and all isolated bacteria were susceptible to nitrofurantoin.CONCLUSION Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus are the common causes which led to urinary tract infections in children,antibiotics should be chosen reasonably based on the susceptibility test.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第19期3063-3065,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
患儿
泌尿系统感染
病原菌
耐药性
Children
Urinary tract infections
Pathogen
Drug resistance
