摘要
目的分析小儿传染性单核细胞增多症的临床特征及治疗方法,提高对该病的认识。方法对38例传染性单核细胞增多症患儿的临床表现、实验室检查及治疗转归进行回顾性分析。结果本病临床表现多样,其主要表现:发热95%(36例),咽峡炎92%(35例),淋巴结肿大84%(32例),部分表现为肝脾肿大,皮疹,双眼睑浮肿,扁桃体伪膜形成。实验室检查:外周血常规白细胞数>10×109/L 66%(25例),异形淋巴细胞检查>10%者82%(31例);EBV-IgM检测阳性92%(35例),可伴贫血、血小板减少、肝功能受损、肺炎等。严重者出现嗜血细胞综合征改变,危及生命。阿昔洛韦治疗有效率97%以上(37/38)。结论传染性单核细胞增多症临床表现复杂多样,可伴多器官多系统损害。外周血异形淋巴细胞及EBV-IgM检查具有特异性,可提高对本病的早期诊断。阿昔洛韦治疗有较好的疗效。
Objective To summarize the clinical features and treatments of infectious mononucleosis in children and increase the recognition to this disease in order to diagnose and treat more effectively.Methods Clinical data about 38 children with infectious mononucleosis,including clinical presentation,laboratory examinations,treatments and outcomes,were retrospectively analyzed.Results The clinical manifestations of infectious mononucleosis in children showed variety,consisting of fever（n=36,95%）,isthmitis（n=35,92%）,Lymphadenectasis（n=32,84%）.Some patients presented with hepatosplenomegaly,tetter,puffiness of the eyes and formation of tonsil pseudo-membrane.Laboratory examinations indicated that peripheral blood white blood cells（WBC） were greater than 10×10^9/L（n=25）,heteromorphous lymphocyte percentage was higher than 10%（n=31） and EBV-IgM positive（n=35）.Some patients were complicated by anemia,thrombocytopenia,impairment in liver function and pneumonia,etc.The severe cases even developed hemophagocytic syndrome,which was life-threatening.The effective rate of acyclovir administration was over 90%（n=37）.Conclusion The clinical manifestation of infectious mononucleosis is complicated and diversified.And this disease may be companied by multiple organ incompetence.The examination for peripheral heteromorphous lymphocyte and EBV-IgM is specific for this disease and helps diagnosis at early stage.Treatment with acyclovir for infectious mononucleosis can achieve better efficacy.
出处
《湖北民族学院学报（医学版）》
2010年第3期33-35,共3页
Journal of Hubei Minzu University(Medical Edition)
