摘要
为探明保水剂施用对冬小麦不同生育期的土壤水分、叶片相对含水量及光合生理等的作用,采用保水剂大田试验,研究分析了冬小麦不同生育时期保水剂对土壤水分动态变化、叶片相对含水量及光合特征等的影响。结果表明：1）从返青期到孕穗期,随保水剂用量的增加,0~20 cm土壤含水量显著提高,且20~40 cm土壤水分均提高,其基本表现为：60 kg/hm2〉90 kg/hm2〉30 kg/hm2〉对照。2）叶片相对含水量表现为：拔节期,随保水剂用量的增加,叶片相对含水量降低,但均显著高于对照（P〈0.05）,而30 kg/hm2与60 kg/hm2处理间差异不显著;孕穗期,保水剂用量为90 kg/hm2的处理较其他处理的叶片相对含水量高,而对照最低;灌浆期,保水剂处理间的差异不显著（P〉0.05）,但均显著高于对照（P〈0.05）。3）冬小麦各生育期的光合生理特征表现为：用量为60 kg/hm2的光合速率、蒸腾速率及叶片水分利用效率均相对最高,而30和90 kg/hm2保水剂用量结果各异,但均显著高于对照（P〈0.05）。综上所述,保水剂显著提高了冬小麦各生育期的土壤水分、叶片相对含水量及其光合速率、蒸腾速率及水分利用效率等,且以60 kg/hm2保水剂用量的效果为佳。
In order to investigate the characteristics of soil moisture,leaf relative water content（LEWC） and photosynthesis of Triticum aestivum L.in different growth stages,the field trial,which researched the effect of water-retaining agent（WRA）（0,30,60,90kg/hm2） on soil moisture,leaf relative water content and photosynthetic characteristics,was carried out.The results indicated that 1） soil moisture in 0-20cm deep soil increased obviously from returning green stage to booting stage with the increase of the WRA.Meanwhile,the WRA added soil moisture in 20-40cm deep soil in different growth stages of Triticum aestivum L.and soil moisture were as follows： 60kg/hm2 90kg/hm2 30kg/hm2 CK（0kg/hm2）.2） LEWC indicated that at jointing stage,LEWC decreased with the increase of the WRA but evidently higher than CK,while was were no difference between 90kg/hm2 and 30kg/hm2 of the WRA.At booting stage,LEWC of 90kg/hm2 was highest compared with other treatments and that of CK was lowest.At grain-filling stage,there was no difference remarkably between the treatments of the WRA but evidently higher than CK.3） Photosynthetic characteristics of Triticum aestivum L.in different growth stages were as follows： photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and leaf water use efficiency were relatively highest under the 60kg/hm2 of water-retaining agent compared with other treatments of the WRA,while that of 30kg/hm2 and 90kg/hm2 were different but higher than CK.In all,the WRA significantly increased soil moisture,leaf water potential,photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and leaf water use efficiency and its suitable or recommended dosage was 60kg/hm2.
出处
《中国水土保持科学》
CSCD
2010年第5期36-41,共6页
Science of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家863节水农业项目"绿色环保多功能保水制剂"(2006AA100215)
河南省杰出青年基金项目"保水剂应用对土壤环境的影响"(1004100510024)
关键词
冬小麦
保水剂
土壤水分
叶片相对含水量
光合特征
Triticum aestivum L.
water-retaining agent
soil moisture
leaf relative water content
photosynthetic characteristics
