摘要
目的 探讨后路椎弓根钉系统复位固定并植骨融合治疗寰枢椎不稳的临床价值和相关问题. 方法 18例寰枢椎不稳患者,男11例,女7例;年龄13～82岁,平均46.5岁.其中Ⅱ型齿状突骨折15例,横韧带断裂2例,寰椎前弓骨折1例,均伴有寰枢椎半脱位或明显不稳,术前日本脊柱学会（JOA）评分,脊髓神经功能6～13分,平均9.5分.采用后路椎弓根螺钉系统复位固定并植骨融合治疗. 结果 手术时间75～180 min,平均115 min;出血量130～450 ml,平均235 ml.1例在剥离寰椎后弓下缘时静脉丛破裂出血术中采用明胶海绵压迫止血.18例患者均获随访,随访时间6～38个月,平均13.5个月,术后日本骨科学会（JOA）评分12～17分,平均14.5分.未发生感染、内固定松动或断钉断棒、与内固定有关的神经血管损伤并发症.所有患者复位满意,植骨融合良好. 结论后路椎弓根钉系统复位固定并植骨融合治疗寰枢椎不稳效果满意,具有复位良好、固定牢靠、融合率高等优点.正确选择适应证、熟悉上颈椎解剖关系、掌握椎弓根螺钉固定技巧是确保手术成功的关键.
Objective To investigate the clinical value and relating problems in treating atlantoaxial instability by using transpedicular instrumentation with fusion. Methods The study reviewed 18 patients （11 males and 7 females, at age range of 13-82 years, mean 46.5 years） with atlantoaxial instability undergone transpedicular screw internal fixation with bone grafts fusion. There were 15 patients with type Ⅱ odontoid fractures, two with traumatic disruption of transverse atlantal ligament and one with fracture of the anterior ring of C1, all of which were associated with atlantoaxial subluxation or obvious instability. Preoperative JOA score was 6-13 points （average 9.5 points）. Results The operation lasted for mean 115 minutes （range 75-180 minutes）, with intraoperative blood loss of mean 235 ml （range 130-450 ml）. One patient presented intraoperative plexus venous bleeding during removal of lower edge of the posterior arch of atlas and was treated with hemostasis using compession of gelatin sponge. All the patients were followed up for a mean period of 13.5 months （6-38 months）, which showed no complications including infection, loosening or breakage of internal fixators or neurovascular injury related to internal fixation. Postoperative JOA score was 12-17 points （average 14.5 points）. Reduction and solid fusion of the bone graft were achieved satisfactorily in all patients. Conclusions Posterior transpedicular screw internal fixation with bone grafts fusion can achieve good reduction, reliable fixation, high fusion rate and is a reliable method to manage atlantoaxial instability. Correct selection of the indication, familiarity with local anatomy and mastery of the operation technique are key to a satisfactory curative effect.
出处
《中华创伤杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第10期891-893,共3页
Chinese Journal of Trauma
关键词
寰枢关节
骨折固定术
内
椎弓根钉
Atlanto-axial joint
Fractures fixation, internal
Pedicle screw
