摘要
从20世纪30年代开始,大型综合石油公司为了专注上下游业务,逐渐将油田服务业务进行剥离和外包。上世纪70年代,在全球石油资源国有化的浪潮中,国家石油公司崛起成为石油资源的主要拥有者,油田服务公司也由此获得了更大的发展空间。上世纪80年代,由于世界石油供应过剩,油价走低,国际石油公司为尽力降低成本,将技术服务外包给服务公司,为后者的繁荣创造了条件。90年代以来,油田服务公司通过自我发展和收购兼并等方式,不断丰富和完善一体化服务链条,积累一体化整包项目经验,提高项目组织能力,成为石油公司的最有力助手。进入21世纪,为了满足石油公司增加储产量、降低成本的需求,各大综合性油田服务公司积极拓展一体化服务链条,更深地介入原来属于石油公司的勘探开发业务,并寻求与国家石油公司更紧密的合作。可以预见,未来油田服务公司将在国家石油公司国际化过程中发挥更大作用,二者之间的直接合作将更加紧密。
Since the 1930s most big oil companies have outsourced their upstream business to oilfield services companies (OSFCs) in order to concentrate on the main-stream business. Since the 1970s and the surging waves of oil-industry nationalization, NOCs have become the main owner of world oil resources, providing ever more development opportunities for OFSCs. As a result of the world oil glut and price collapse in the 1980s, oil companies have put the entire OFS business out for subcontract to reduce cost, creating favorable conditions for OFSCs. Through expansion and acquisition in the 1990s OFSCs became major partners of oil companies as integrated service providers, accumulating experience and ability in integrating projects into a single complete package. To meet oil companies’need to increase reserves and output and reduce cost, most big OFSCs expanded in a big way into the exploration and development service that had long been self-provided by the oil companies and sought increased cooperation with NOCs by actively expanding their service areas. We can foresee OFSCs’playing a bigger role in NOCs’ internationalization through ever strengthening cooperation between them.
出处
《国际石油经济》
2010年第9期23-26,共4页
International Petroleum Economics
