摘要
目的：比较洗涤组、检查组、反刍思维组强迫症患者的人格特质、安全感与厌恶感.方法：采用帕多瓦量表-华盛顿州立大学修订版（中文版）、瑞典大学人格量表、安全感量表和中文厌恶感量表对80例符合ICD-10精神与行为障碍分类中强迫障碍诊断标准的住院和门诊病人,以及80例健康志愿者进行测查.根据帕多瓦量表-华盛顿州立大学修订版（中文版）评分将全部病例分为洗涤、检查和反刍思维三组,对测查结果进行方差分析、Kruskal-Wallis H检验和相关分析等统计分析.结果：①洗涤组病例29例,检查组32例,反刍思维组19例;②反刍思维组躯体焦虑和精神焦虑得分[（70.3±11.0）vs.（72.8±9.7）]大于洗涤组[（56.6±11.9）vs.（66.5 ±8.9）]和检查组[（61.4±10.7）vs.（66.2±7.9）],三组均大于健康对照组[（50.5±8.9）vs.（50.8±9.7）,Ps〈0.05];③反刍思维组安全感得分（37.9±7.1）小于洗涤组（47.0±9.5）和检查组（48.5 ±8.9）,三组均小于健康对照组（62.8±11.3）（Ps〈0.05）;④洗涤组厌恶感得分依次大于检查组、反刍思维组和健康对照组[（103.0±9.5）vs.（89.7±11.0）,（85.3±10.8）,（86.2±13.5）,Ps〈0.01];⑤污染/洗涤强迫得分与缺乏自信和社交愿望得分呈负相关（r=-0.23,-0.38）,与冷漠得分、厌恶感总分呈正相关（r=0.36,0.68）;检查强迫得分与躯体焦虑、应激敏感性、冒险探索、社交愿望、怨恨、言语攻击呈正相关（r=0.22～0.42）;伤害他人/自己的强迫想法得分与躯体焦虑、精神焦虑、应激敏感性、缺乏自信、冲动性、冒险探索、怨恨、兴奋性、不信任、言语攻击、身体攻击得分呈正相关（r=0.32～0.66）,与安全感总分呈负相关（r=-0.57）.结论：洗涤组强迫症患者的厌恶感高于检查组和反刍思维组;反刍思维组强迫症患者的安全感低于洗涤组和检查组,而且神经质人格特质更加突出.
Objective： To compare the psychological profile of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder （OCD） that belong to 3 subgroups named washing, checking and rumination. Methods： According to the ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders, 80 inpatients and outpatients with OCD and 80 healthy controls were recruited to investigate with the Padua Inventory-Washington State University Revised （ PI-WSUR ）, Swedish Universities Scales of Personality （SSP） , Security Questionnaire and Chinese Disgust Scale. Based on the scores of PI-WSUR all the patients were divided into 3 subgroups namely washing, checking and rumination. The data were analyzed through analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis H test and correlation analysis. Results： （ 1 ） There were 29 washers, 32 checkers and 19 ruminators. （2） The SSP scores of somatic trait anxiety and psychic trait anxiety in ruminators [ （70.3±11.0）, （72.8±9.7）] were higher than in washers [ （56.6±11.9）, （66.5 ±8.9）] and checkers [ （ 61.4 ± 10. 7 ）, （ 66. 2 ± 7.9 ） ], which were higher than in health controls [ （ 50. 5 ± 8.9 ）, （ 50. 8 ± 9. 7 ） ] （ Ps 〈 0. 05 ） . （ 3 ） The scores of the Security Questionnaire in ruminators （ 37. 9 ± 7. 1 ） were lower than in washers （ 47.0 ± 9. 5 ） and checkers （ 48.5 ± 8.9 ） , which were lower than in health controls （ 62. 8 ± 11.3 ） （ Ps 〈 0. 05 ） . （ 4 ） The scores of the Chinese Disgust Scale in washers were higher than in checkers, ruminators and healthy controls [ （103.0±9.5） vs. （89.7±11.0）, （85.3±10.8）, （86.2±13.5）, Ps〈0.01] . （5） The scores of contamination obsessions and washing compulsion were negatively correlated with the SSP scores of lack of assertiveness and social desirability （ r = - 0. 23, - 0. 38 ）, positively correlated with the SSP scores of detachment and the scores of Chinese Disgust Scale （ r = 0. 36, 0. 68 ± respectively. The scores of checking compulsions were positively correlated with the SSP scores of somatic trait anxiety, stress susceptibility, adventure seeking, social desirability, embitterment and verbal trait aggression respectively （ r = 0. 22 - 0.42 ） . The scores of obsessional thoughts of harm to self/others were positively correlated with the SSP scores of somatic trait anxiety, psychic trait anxiety, stress susceptibility, lack of assertiveness, impulsiveness, adventure seeking, embitterment, trait irritability, mistrust, verbal trait aggression and physical trait aggression （ r = 0. 32 - 0. 66 ）, negatively correlated with the scores of the Security Questionnaire （ r = - 0. 57 ） respectively. Conclusion： The disgust of washers are higher than the of checkers and ruminators. The security of ruminators who have the neurotic features of personality are lower than that of washers and checkers.
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第11期823-827,838,共6页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
关键词
强迫症
分型
人格特征
安全感
厌恶感
横断面研究
obsessive-compulsive disorder
subtype
personality traits
security
disgust
cross-sectional studies
