摘要
微生物广泛存在于洞窟、壁画等寡营养的环境中,并对洞窟内壁画有一定的破坏作用。本实验采用Anderson FA-1撞击式空气微生物采样器,研究了敦煌莫高窟第16窟一年内空气微生物群落组成、时间和空间分布动态。结果表明,空气真菌和细菌呈现明显的季节分布,夏秋季空气微生物较多,冬春季较少;真菌主要种属有枝孢霉属(Cladosporium),青霉属(Penicillium),链格孢霉属(Alternaria),曲霉属(Aspergillus),无孢子真菌(none-sporing isolates)等;空气微生物主要分布于采样器的前四层,以粒径>2.0?m的第四层最多,旅游旺季如"五一"、"十一"、暑假等游客较多的时间,空气微生物也伴随着有显著的增加;而温度、湿度等环境因子的变化在一定程度上影响微生物的数量变化。
Microorganism is widespread in caves,murals and other oligotrophic environment,and has some damage effects on cave paintings.In this study,we use the International General Anderson FA-1 impact air microbiological samplers to study microbial community composition,spatio-temporal distribution of dynamic of the air within a year in the Mogao Cave 16.The results show that airborne fungi and bacteria had a seasonal distribution of microorganisms in the air,more in summer and autumn,less in winter and spring;the main genera of fungi are Cladosporium,Penicillium,Alternaria,Aspergillus,none-sporing isolates,etc.;air microbial sampling devices were mainly distributed in the first four stage,to the fourth level reached the maximum size;airborne microorganisms associated with a significant increase（p 0.01） in tourist season such as 1st May,1st Oct;the temperature,humidity and other environmental factors also affect a certain extent change on the number of airborne microorganisms.
出处
《敦煌研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第5期113-118,共6页
Dunhuang Research
基金
中国博士后科学基金项目"敦煌壁画损害的微生物学机制及防护研究"(20080430109)
古代壁画保护国家文物局重点科研基地开放课题"敦煌莫高窟区空气微生物生态学研究"(200801)
国家文物局文物保护科学与技术研究课题"昆虫对石窟壁画的损坏机理与防治研究"(200701)
关键词
敦煌莫高窟
空气微生物
动态变化
旅游
Mogao Grottoes
Airborne Microorganisms
Seasonal dynamics
Tourism
