摘要
色觉是视觉功能的一个基本而重要的组成部分,是人类视网膜锥体细胞的特殊感觉功能。一般先天性色盲多无自觉症状,通常在体检中进行常规色觉检查时被发现。继发性色觉障碍更需要及早明确原发疾病对色觉是否产生影响。色觉检查方法的特异性、敏感性及发现疾病早期特有的表现尤为重要。色觉检查的方法很多,但大多数属于主观检查法,包括假同色图测验、色相排列测验和色盲镜等;客观检查以视觉电生理检查为主,其中荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)、视网膜密度检测、CT扫描等有助于明确视神经、视网膜及黄斑病变的形态学评估。临床视觉电生理检查属于客观的功能学检查方法,对于一些特殊人群色觉的评定及对某些继发性色觉改变的早期诊断显示了一定的优势。就临床电生理在继发性色觉障碍疾病中的特征性表现及早期诊断价值进行综述。
Chromatic vision is a special vision function,and it is associated with sensitization of cones in retina.The patients with congenital color anomalopia always have not self-conscious manifestation,and most of them are found to have the chromatic dysfunction in physical examination.Even though the secondary chromatic dysfunction,it is necessary to clearly understand the influence of primary disease on cone.Many examinations have been used in the evaluation of color sensitization,but most belong to the subjective methods.Some objective examinations are helpful for the exact diagnosis of chromatic dysfunction in clinic,such as the funds fluorescence angiography,retinal density,CT（computerized tomography）,and clinical vision electrophysiology.Recently,the clinical vision electrophysiology test is thought to be an available objective method to assess the color vision.It plays an important role in some special patients who are not adapting to subjective examination and diagnoses in the early stage of disease.
出处
《眼科研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第11期1091-1096,共6页
Chinese Ophthalmic Research
关键词
色觉
色视异常
视觉电生理
chromatic vision
color anomalopia
vision electrophysiology
