摘要
海相碳酸盐岩是近年来中国油气勘探的重要领域。由于中国海相盆地碳酸盐岩时代古老,使得油气分布十分复杂,勘探难度大。研究认为,中国中西部地区三个主要海相盆地古生界都发育优质烃源岩,主要以泥岩、泥灰岩和煤系为主,热演化程度多数已进入高—过成熟阶段。其中,四川盆地和鄂尔多斯盆地碳酸盐岩组合在燕山期达到最大埋深,储层大部分都经历过原油裂解以上的高温过程,原油难以保存,以形成裂解气为主,或者是高成熟煤型气;而塔里木盆地塔中和塔北继承性隆起部位始终没有经历180℃以上的高温条件,而且最大埋深是在喜山期以来,因此在构造高部位保存了大规模的古油藏。根据海相碳酸盐岩油气藏被调整、改造与再富集过程的特点,把中国中西部地区海相碳酸盐岩油气藏类型分为原生油气藏和次生油气藏,存在单源单期充注成藏型和多源多期充注成藏型,建立了中国中西部地区海相碳酸盐岩油气的成藏模式。
Recent years the exploration of hydrocarbons in marine carbonates has been one of the most important domains in China.Hydrocarbon distributions of carbonates in marine basins of China are complicated because of the age combination and long evolutionary history,resulting in difficulties in exploration.Studies showed that Paleozoic high-quality source rocks composed mainly of mudstones,marls and coals with high-or over-maturity developed in three major marine basins of western and central China.Of which,carbonate units in Sichuan Basin and Ordos Basin showed the maximum depth in the Yanshan period and most reservoirs in these basins experienced high temperatures of oil cracking,containing little oil but mainly cracked gas or high-maturity coal-type gas.Whereas in Tarim Basin,Tazhong and the successive uplift part of Tabei never experienced a high temperature over 180℃ and have had the maximum burial depth since the Himalayan,so large-scale paleo-reservoirs are preserved in structure high.Marine carbonate reservoirs in China were classified into primary and secondary types,including single-source,single-charging reservoirs and multi-source,multi-charging reservoirs,depending on their characteristics of adjustment,modification and re-enrichment processes.A model for hydrocarbon accumulations in marine carbonates in China was then established.
出处
《石油学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期871-878,共8页
Acta Petrolei Sinica
基金
国家油气专项基金(2008ZX05004-003)
国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2006CB202307)联合资助
关键词
海相
碳酸盐岩
原油裂解气
油气藏类型
调整改造
成藏模式
marine
carbonate
oil-cracking gas
reservoir type
adjustment and reconstruction
accumulation model
