摘要
蛋白质高分子结合体是蛋白质与高分子化合物以特定位置或方式结合的产物。其中,蛋白质(包括酶和多肽)分子中氨基酸残基上的氨基、巯基和羧基是常用的结合位点。本文主要对蛋白质高分子结合体的制备方法进行了综述。聚乙二醇是合成高分子中能够有效改善蛋白质性能的修饰剂,而多糖则是用于制备蛋白质高分子结合体较成功的天然高分子化合物。"点击化学"、活性聚合技术等技术已经被成功应用于蛋白质高分子结合体的制备。某些具有特异结合功能基团的化合物(如金属卟啉、生物素等)与高分子共价结合后也可制备蛋白质高分子结合体。在研究蛋白质高分子结合体制备方法的基础上,近年来开始了这类大分子的自组装行为研究,尤其是对巨型双亲性分子自组装行为的研究,这为设计和构筑先进功能材料提供了新的思路。与高分子化合物的结合是改善蛋白质性能和拓宽蛋白质应用范围的重要技术之一。蛋白质高分子结合体不但可用于生物医药领域,而且在纳米技术和材料科学等领域具有潜在的优势。
Protein polymer conjugates are the products of proteins conjugating polymers via specific sites or manners.Amino groups,carboxyl groups and thiol groups of amino acid residues on proteins,which include enzymes and peptides,are typically modified sites.This review describes recent progress in preparing protein polymer conjugates.Polyethylene glycol is one of the successfully synthetic polymers,and polysaccharide is one of the most successful natural polymers in improving the performance of proteins.Modern chemical synthesis strategies,such as＂click chemistry＂and living radical polymerization,have been recently applied in preparing protein polymer conjugates.Some functional compounds with specific functional groups,such as metalloporphyrin and vitamin,can be bound to proteins.These functional compounds were conjugated with polymers to prepare protein polymer conjugates.Based on progress in preparing protein polymer conjugates,self-assembly behaviors of these macromolecules have been investigated in recent years.Especially,self-assembly behaviors of giant amphiphile have gained increased attention.Studies on self-assembly behaviors of protein conjugates offered a newstrategy for designing and fabricating advanced functional materials.The conjugation of proteins with polymers is an important technology to improve the performance of proteins and broaden applications range of proteins.These macromolecules could be applied in the field of biomedicine and shows potential in many other areas,such as nanotechnology,materials science,etc.
出处
《化学进展》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第12期2388-2396,共9页
Progress in Chemistry
基金
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划
教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金(2007-1108)资助
国家自然科学基金项目(No.20964002
20274034)
关键词
蛋白质高分子结合体
蛋白质化学修饰
自组装
活性自由基聚合
点击化学
protein polymer conjugates
chemical modification of proteins
self-assembly
living radical polymerization
click chemistry
