摘要
本文采用1971—2009年月雾日数资料、1970—2007每日4次能见度观测资料、MICAPS系统提供的每日3h/1次的地面观测资料、JRA-25再分析资料,对青岛近海夏季(6~7月)海雾年际变化的低空气象水文条件进行了合成分析,发现长江口以东的东海海域是影响青岛近海海雾多寡的水汽来源关键区域(122°E^130°E,28°N^32°N),黄海局地海表面蒸发增湿所提供的水汽贡献不大。海表面温度(SST)对海雾的形成在黄、东海起着不同的重要作用。多雾年,东海SST偏高,海面蒸发较大,为低空气流提供了热量和水汽,黄海SST偏低,海面蒸发较小,有利于低空气流的降温增湿,从长江口以东海域向黄海输送的低空暖湿平流是海雾形成的主要物质基础。去掉月平均合成中降水、沙尘等因素对能见度的影响,针对2005—2007年6、7月42个雾日的统计分析,进一步证明了长江口以东海域水汽输送对黄海海雾形成有重要影响;对其中5个雾日的水汽源地追踪,表明在天气时间尺度下,水汽路径是从东海在低空南风的引导下向北到达青岛近海。
This paper analyzes and discusses the meteorological and hydrological conditions of sea fog without the influence of precipitation over the adjacent marginal sea of Qingdao in summer,by using the monthly data of foggy days from 1971 to 2009,the visibility data from 1970 to 2007,the ground-based observations data from MICAPS system and the data from JRA-25 reanalysis.After statistical and compositive analysis of the physical fields of the years with more foggy days and years with less foggy days,we can find that the East China Sea of the east of the Yangtze River Estuary is the key area（122°E^130°E,28°N^32°N） of water vapor source which associates with the amount of sea fog in the adjacent marginal sea of Qingdao,while the local sea surface evaporation of the Yellow Sea contributes little.Sea surface temperature（SST） plays different roles in the formation of fog in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea.In years with more foggy days,SST is higher and sea surface evaporation is larger in the East China Sea which provides heat and moisture for the low-level flow,while SST is lower and sea surface evaporation is smaller in the Yellow Sea which is propitious to the cooling of low-level flow＇s and humidification.The delivery of low-level warm and moist advection from the sea area of the east of the Yangtze River Estuary to the Yellow Sea is an important material basis in foggy formation.Statistical analysis of 42 foggy days further indicates that the transportation of the water vapor source in the sea area of the east of the Yangtze River Estuary has an important influence on sea fog formation of the Yellow Sea.The path tracking of moisture source on five foggy days is a evidence that the path of the water vapor is from East China Sea under the guidance of low-level southeasterly wind to the adjacent marginal sea of Qingdao in the synoptic time scale.
出处
《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第12期17-26,共10页
Periodical of Ocean University of China
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40975003)
教育部博士点基金项目(20090132110008)
国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2006AA09Z149)
中国气象局公益性行业科研专项(GYHY(QX)200706031)资助
关键词
海雾
年际变化
水汽来源
黄海
sea fog
interannual change
water vapor source
the Yellow Sea
