摘要
目的:分析常熟市第一人民医院2008年药物不良反应(ADR发生的原因与特点,了解抗感染药物ADR)发生的规律及影响因素。方法:将上报国家食品药品监督管理局ADR监察中心的195份抗感染药物ADR报告,按患者的年龄、性别与药品种类、给药途径、ADR所累及的系统/器官及主要临床表现等信息进行分析和评价。结果:18岁以下的未成年患者ADR发生率8.1%,60岁以上老年患者为0.9%。喹诺酮类药物ADR发生49例,β内酰胺类ADR发生72例,按照药物使用量(频次)计算,喹诺酮类药物ADR发生率则是β内酰胺类的数倍。静脉输注引发ADR185例,占94.87%,皮肤及其附件损害的ADR147例,占70.33%。结论:不同的疾病与给药途径差异是未成年与老年患者ADR发生率差异的重要原因之一;ADR与不同抗感染药物药物使用量(频次)有一定联系,但不呈线性关系,将某药物ADR例数在总ADR例数中的构成比等同于ADR发生率是不恰当的;静脉输注引发ADR发生率较高,皮肤及其附件损害的ADR易观察,及早全面发现ADR对其他器官/系统造成损害的方法或标准方面可能还存在缺陷。
Objective：To analyze the causes,characteristics,rules and influence factors of ADR induced by anti-infection drugs in Changshu No.1 People＇s Hospital in 2008.Methods：195 ADR cases,submitted to SFDA by our hospital and resulted from anti-infection drugs were retrospectively analyzed and evaluated in terms of patient＇s age distribution,gender,categories of suspicious drugs,route of administration,system and organs involved and major clinical manifestations.Results：The incidence of ADR among patients under 18 and over 60 was 8.1% and 0.9% respectively;49 ADR cases were caused by quinolones and 72 ADR cases were induced by β-lactam antibiotics.Based on the use frequency of those two categories of drugs,the incidence of ADR caused by quinolones was several times higher than that of β-lactam antibiotics.The method of administration were of intravenous by primarily and accounted for 94.87%of total ADR（185 cases） and the damage of skin and its appendages accounted for 70.33%（147 cases）.Conclusion：The key factors underlying difference in occurrence rate of ADR among patients under 18 and over 60 were different diseases and routes of administration.There was a clear correlation between the use frequency of anti-infection drugs and ADR,but not linear.It is not appropriate to equalize the occurrence rate of ADR and proportion of ADR cases caused by certain drugs.ADR caused by the route of administration was intravenously guttae primarily.It was convenient to observe the damage of skin and its appendages,however,the methods to discover the damage of other organs and system were still defective.
出处
《抗感染药学》
2010年第4期285-288,共4页
Anti-infection Pharmacy
