摘要
目的 较为全面地分析现代生活环境下早产的危险因素,为制定早产的预防策略和措施提供理论依据.方法 选择2009年3月1日～12月31日期间在广州市天河区妇幼保健院接受产前保健,并在该医院住院分娩的早产产妇和足月产产妇各102例为调查对象,进行1：1配对的病例对照研究.结果 ①孕早期贫血、孕期发生前置胎盘、子痫前期及子痫、孕20周后食欲差、孕期工作压力严重、孕期噪声暴露、孕期负性生活事件等是早产的危险因素（均P〈0.05）;②产前检查次数、孕期服用维生素及营养素是早产的保护因素（均P〈0.05）;③孕期被动吸烟、室内烧香和孕期使用蚊香（烟熏型）对早产的影响无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）.结论 ①孕早期贫血、前置胎盘、子痫前期及子痫、孕20周后食欲差、孕期工作压力严重、孕期噪声暴露、孕期发生负性生活事件等能增加早产的发生风险;②增加产前检查次数、孕期服用维生素及营养素能降低早产的发生风险;③尚未发现孕期被动吸烟等室内污染与早产存在关联,二者之间关系有待进一步研究确定.
Objective To investigate risk factors of preterm labor in modern life, so as to provide a basis for preventive measures of preterm labor. Methods 102 preterm pregnant women and 102 term pregnant women who received antenatal care and delivered in Tianhe District Maternal and Child Health Hospital in a period from March 1, 2009 to December 31, 2009 were investigated for 1：1 matched case-control study. Results ①After correcting confounders, maternal anemia in the first trimester of pregnancy, placenta previa, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, poor appetite after 20 weeks of gestation, heavy working stress, adverse life events and noise exposure during pregnancy were risk factors of preterm labor （ all P 〈 0.05 ） ; ②Frequeney of prenatal examination, taking vitamins and nutrients during pregnancy were protective factors of preterm labor （ all P 〈 0.05 ） ; ③Passive smoking, indoor burning incense and using mosquito coils during pregnancy could not significantly increase risk of preterm labor （ all P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusions ①Frequent prenatal examination, taking vitamins and nutrients during pregnancy can reduce risk of preterm labor; ②Maternal anemia in the first trimester of pregnancy, placenta previa, pre- eclampsia and eclampsia, poor appetite after 20 weeks of pregnancy, heavy working stress, noise exposure, and adverse life events during pregnancy could significantly increase the risk of preterm labor; ③The association between maternal passive smoking during pregnancy and preterm labor has not been found in our study. Further study is needed to investigate association between them.
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2010年第6期735-739,共5页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
关键词
早产
危险因素
病例对照研究
室内污染
负性生活事件
preterm labor
risk factor
case-control study
indoor pollution
adverse life event
