摘要
通过玉米盆栽试验,设置了全生育期土壤充分灌水、苗期亏水、拔节期亏水、灌浆期亏水、成熟期亏水5个水分处理和施氮量分别为0、0.1、0.30、.5 g/kg的4个施氮水平,依次以N0、N1、N2、N3表示。研究了不同生育期水分亏缺和氮营养对夏玉米生长的影响。结果表明:在不同施氮条件下,不同生育期亏水均对玉米的生长产生不同程度的抑制作用,其中对茎叶的抑制作用大于根系,根冠比增加。苗期亏水抑制了株高、叶面积和地上部物质的生长,复水后补偿效应明显;拔节期是缺水敏感期,拔节期亏水对株高、叶面积及干物质累积的影响差异极显著,复水后补偿效应不明显;灌浆期亏水对株高影响不明显,但对叶面积及干物质影响明显;成熟期亏水对玉米生长的各个指标没有显著的影响。施氮对玉米的生长及地下干物质的累积有一定的影响,在试验的土壤肥力水平下,表现为施纯N 0.1 g/kg的施氮水平对盆栽玉米的生长和发育最好,是适宜的施氮水平。水氮交互作用在拔节期和灌浆期对玉米地上部干重、根干重影响极显著,对根冠比分别达到极显著和显著水平,苗期和成熟期对各指标均无显著性影响。
To investigate the effects of water deficit irrigation at different growth stages and nitrogen nutrition on the growth of summer maize,a pot experiment was conducted,including five soil moisture treatments（high soil moisture at the whole growth stages,water deficit at seedling stage,water deficit at jointing stage,water deficit at filling stage,and water deficit at maturing stage）and 4 nitrogen fertilization rates（0,0.1,0.3,and 0.5 g/kg soil）that were referred to as N0,N1,N2,and N3 in turn.The results showed that soil water deficit at different growth stages had different inhibition effect on maize growth with different nitrogen fertilization levels.The effect of soil water deficit on shoots was more apparent than root and increased root/shoot ratio（RSR）.Water deficit at seedling stage could affect plant height,leaf area and dry matter accumulation,while a compensation effect was apparent after rewatering.Water deficit at jointing stage could obviously affect plant height, leaf area and dry matter accumulation,but had no compensation effect after rewatering.Water deficit at filling stage could not obviously affect plant height but had obvious effects on leaf area and dry matter of plant.Water deficit at maturing stage did not have obvious effect on plant growth.Nitrogen fertilizer had certain influence on the maize growth and the accumulation of dry matter,and 0.1 g/kg soil rate had the best effect on the growth of maize plant under the test soil fertility condition.At jointing stage and filling stage,water and nitrogen interaction had a highly significant influence on shoot dry matter and root dry matter,and had respectively significant and highly significant effect on RSR,while it had no significant effects on various indicators,at seedling or maturing stage
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期1-6,11,共7页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(50879073)
国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD88B10)
关键词
玉米
水分亏缺
施氮量
生长
根冠比
干物质
maize
water deficit
nitrogen fertilization rate
growth
root/shoot ratio（RSR）
dry matter
