摘要
中古译经中有一类特殊"云何",用于疑问句,却似乎不表疑问。《维摩诘经》的梵汉对勘表明,该经汉译本中这类"云何"有两个来源:在"云何+(某某)+选择问"中,"云何"对应梵语疑问助词kim,属于语言接触中的语法复制;在"云何+(某某)+反诘问/(Adv)VP不/是非问"中,"云何"是对梵语疑问小句tat kim manyase的简式翻译,具有与梵语疑问小句相当的询问意见的功能。《小品般若经》的对勘材料也支持上述结论。
In the early Chinese Buddhist translations, yunhe can be used in questions, though bearing no interrogative meaning. As suggested by a comparison between the extant Chinese translations of the Vimalakīrtinirdesa-sūtra with its newly-discovered Sanskrit version,the special kind of yunhe may come from two sources: firstly,in structures like 'yunh e + [Vocative] + Alternative Questions', yunhe corresponds to the interrogative particle kim in the Sanskrit originals and represents a grammatical replication induced by the language contact; secondly, in structures like 'yunhe + [Vocative] + Rhetorical,( Adv-) VP-bu or Yes-no Questions', yunhe may be regarded as an abbreviated translation of the interrogative clause tat kim manyase,which serves the function of asking the interlocutor's opinions. This hypothesis is also confirmed by a comparison between Sanskrit and Chinese versions of the Astastāhasrikā-praj? āpāramitā-sūtra.
出处
《中国语文》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第1期43-52,95-96,共10页
Studies of the Chinese Language
关键词
梵汉对勘
语法复制
简式翻译
comparison between Sanskrit and Chinese versions of Buddhist scriptures, grammatical replication,abbreviated translation
