摘要
目的 探讨珠三角地区社区高血压病脆弱性情况,为制定有效的防治措施提供依据.方法 采用分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取广州、深圳和中山市共49个社区为研究对象,收集社区资料、对社区居民进行问卷调查,收集各社区高血压的脆弱性相关资料;从社区高血压的致病脆弱性、社会脆弱性、人群脆弱性和应对高血压病的脆弱性四方面进行评价.结果 致病脆弱性方面,珠三角地区的社区高血压总患病率为14.8%,其中广州市的高血压患病率最高,达16.1%;三地居民有高血压家族史者所占比例为15.2%～25.5%.社会脆弱性方面：广州市60岁以上老人比例最高（占14.4%）,而深圳市60岁以上老人比例最低（占4.8%）.社区人群脆弱性方面：高血压患者平均年龄54.8～64.5岁、高血压防治知晓率为39.5%～51.4%,广州市居民的缺乏运动率（57.5%）最高;深圳市居民的饮酒率（26.8%）、饮食偏咸率（25.2%）和每天静坐＞8 h者所占比例（40.3%）最高;而中山市居民的吸烟率（25.5%）最高（P＜0.05）;广州市居民主动获得健教率（40.1%）高于其他两个城市.社区应对高血压病的脆弱性：被调查的三城市所有社区卫生服务机构都开展了30岁以上患者首诊测血压和对居民定期开展高血压健康教育的工作,广州市开展高血压规范化管理的社区比例（72.7%）及定期开展高血压管理人员培训的社区比例（77.3%）都明显高于其他两个城市（P＜0.05）;深圳市的高血压建档率最高（为80.7%）（P＜0.05）,三个城市的居民对社区卫生服务总体满意度在54.6%～61.9%.结论 珠三角地区社区高血压病脆弱性较大,应加强社区卫生服务机构对高血压的管理水平,大力推行社区高血压病规范化管理.
Objective To explore the vulnerability of community hypertension in pearl river delta and provide evidences for health care policy making. Methods The data on hypertension vulnerability of 12 182 adults from 49 Communities were collected by Multistage Cluster Sampling in Guangzhou city, Shenzhen city and Zhongshan city. The vulnerability of community hypertension was assessed in terms of the Pathogenicity, Social vulnerability, Population vulnerability and responding vulnerability for hypertension. Results Pathogenicity： 14. 8% adults suffered from hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension in Guangzhou city （16. 1% ） was the highest, and residents that have family history of hypertension accounted for 15.2% - 25.5%. Social vulnerability： the proportion of elderly people over 60 in Guangzhou city （14. 4% ） was the highest, while Shenzhen city （4. 8% ） was the lowest. Population vulnerability： the hypertension patients＇ average age was 54. 8 - 64. 5 years old. The residents＇ awareness of hypertension were 39. 5% - 51.4%. The rate of drinking （26. 8%）, salted dieting （25.2%） and sit - in work over 8 hours every day （40. 3% ） in Shenzhen city were higher than other cities. The rate of obtaining health education initiative （40. 1% ） in Guangzhou city were higher than others cities. The rate of smoking in Zhongshan city （25.5 % ） was the highest. Responding vulnerability for hypertension： measuring blood pressure for the over 30 - year - old residents on their first visit and regularly health education for hypertension patients were conducted by all the community health services center. The proportion of communities that started standardized management for hypertension and held hypertension education regularly in Guangzhou city was significantly higher than that of the other two cities （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The rate of filing for hypertension in Shenzhen city was the highest （80. 7% ）. The residents＇ overall satisfactions to community health services were 54.6% - 61.9%. Conclusion The vulnerability of community hypertension is high in Pearl River delta. Standardized management for hypertension should be strengthened and promoted in community.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期297-299,共3页
Chinese General Practice
基金
广东省科委社会发展攻关项目(2003C33709)
广州市科技攻关项目(200623-E4181)
关键词
社区
高血压
脆弱性
Community
Hypertension
Vulnerability
