摘要
植被受损评价及其受损成因分析是快速城市化地区生态保护和管理工作的重要基础研究课题。以深圳市2007年航空影像数据、2007年IRS卫星数据以及1∶10万电子地形图为基础数据,建立植被受损以及人为活动强度空间特征的表征方式,通过叠图分析及统计分析建立两者之间的响应关系,用以揭示人为活动对植被的影响程度及方式。进行了深圳市植被受损情况分级评价和景观可达性分级评价;然后通过两种分级评价结果的Pearson相关性分析和叠图统计分析,解析植被受损与景观可达性空间分异特征之间的关系。研究结果表明,深圳市人为干扰表现为人造纯林和生态风景林的营建、果园的种植以及极端机械干扰3种类型,受损程度可以分成6级。景观可达性能够定量化描述人为活动强度的空间分异特征,全区可达性程度可以分成5级。叠图分析结果显示,景观可达性水平与植被受损程度之间为正相关关系,相关系数为0.794。利用本研究方法还可以有效解析植被受损程度与人为活动空间分异特征之间的关联细节。
Analysis of vegetation degradation and identification of its causes are among the most important issues in plant ecology of the fast urbanizing areas.Previous research mainly focused on the patterns,mechanisms and restoration techniques in degraded communities at the ecosystem scale,but similar analyses are rare at the regional scale.The current study focused on the correlation of human disturbance and vegetation degradation on a regional scale,using Shenzhen,which is a fast-urbanizing area,as an example.We used aviation image and IRS satellite data and 1∶100,000 digital topographical map of Shenzhen of the year 2007 and we defined the entire vegetation in Shenzhen,which mainly included forest,plantation,orchard,farm,shrub,bare land and unutilized areas,into twelve vegetation types using both visual interpretation and field observation.Forest,plantations and orchards were further classified into good and poor by their difference in vegetation coverage,tree height,dominant species,and plant diversity,whereas the bare lands were defined as bare land buildings,bare land roads and bare land quarries.We also used NDVI as a complementary tool to put the twelve vegetation types into six degradation classes using ANOVA and mean value distribution.Additionally,landscape accessibility was established as an index to indicate the intensity of human disturbance using altitude,slop,urban density,and the shortest distance to the nearest road,and was classified into five categories.Finally,the correlation of vegetation degradation class and landscape accessibility class was overlaid and Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated.Our results showed that（1） the correlation between degradation class and landscape accessibility was significant with a correlation coefficient of 0.794;（2） Forests in remote areas with good soil and topographical conditions were well preserved.Plantations and orchards were in the state of moderate disturbance and degradation.Farms,shrubs and all kinds of bare lands were in the worst condition;（3） Vegetation with the low degradation level mainly distributed in areas with low landscape accessibility.Meanwhile,with increasing landscape accessibility,the proportion of lightly degraded vegetation decreased;（4） The proportion of good and poor forests and plantations in areas with different landscape accessibility differed due to the difference of the inherent attributes of the vegetation and human interference.We concluded that（1） there was a close relationship between human activity and vegetation degradation at a regional scale,especially in fast-urbanizing cities;（2） The major driven factors of human disturbance in Shenzhen were the formation of monoculture plantations and eco-landscape forests,as well as the extreme disturbances such as the construction of buildings and exploration of rocks;（3） Landscape accessibility was a useful quantitative method to illustrate the intensity of human disturbance,and can describe the spatial patterns of human interference;（4）The correlation method was efficient in explaining the details of spatial relationship between vegetation degradation and human activities.It could be used to analyze the causes and mechanisms of vegetation degradation and provide basis for future restoration practices.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第2期547-555,共9页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(41071117
40830747)
深圳市"百人计划"资助项目
