摘要
目的应用乙肝疫苗与乙肝特异性免疫球蛋白阻断乙肝母婴传播,比较不同方法的阻断效果,探索最佳的乙肝母婴阻断方式。方法采取实验流行病学方法,在孕妇中筛选乙肝病毒感染者。将乙肝病毒感染母亲所生的婴儿随机分组,一组使用乙肝疫苗与乙肝特异免疫球蛋白,另一组只使用乙肝疫苗,两组都有孕末期使用乙肝特异性免疫球蛋白者。在儿童出生时、1岁和2岁分别检测乙肝病毒相关标志物。在3岁时对2岁检测出的HB-sAg阳性者进一步做HBV-DNA检测,以确定感染者。结果 128例儿童完成了实验,乙肝抗体阳转率达97.66%,乙肝病毒感染率为3.13%。孕末期使用乙肝特异性免疫球蛋白的儿童乙肝感染率为3.57%,而没有使用的感染率为3%。新生儿单纯使用乙肝疫苗组乙肝感染率为4.23%,使用乙肝疫苗与乙肝特异性免疫球蛋白组的感染率为1.75%。结论在母亲孕期完全没有必要使用乙肝特异性免疫球蛋白。感染乙肝母亲所生婴儿出生后使用乙肝疫苗与乙肝特异球蛋白有更好的阻断效果。
Objective To observe the effect of the application of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin for blocking the maternal-infant infection,and compare the blocking effect of different methods,so as to find out the best way for hepatitis B immuno-prophylaxis.Methods Experimental epidemiologic method was used to screen the pregnant women infected with hepatitis B virus.The infants whose mothers with infected hepatitis B virus were randomly divided into 2 groups,hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B specific immune globulin were used in one group,while the other group,only hepatitis B vaccine was used.In both groups of pregnant women,there were some individuals using hepatitis B specific immune globulin in the late pregnancy.In the 0-,1-and 2-year groups,hepatitis B virus-related markers were detected.In the 3 year-group,HBV-DNA was detected for the infants whose hepatitis B virus-related markers were positive at the age of 2 years.Results 128 cases of children completed the experiment,hepatitis B antibody positive conversion rate was 97%,infection rate was 3.1%.The children,whose mother used hepatitis B specific immune globulin in the late pregnancy,the infection rate was 3.57%.However,the children whose mother did not receive hepatitis B specific immune globulin in the late pregnancy,the infection rate was 3%.The infection rate of the group of infants,who only received hepatitis B vaccine,was 4.23%.Besides,the infection rate of the group of infants using hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune specific globulin was 1.75%.Conclusions The effect of the present hepatitis B vaccination program for blocking maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis B in our country is significant.But the blocking effectiveness for the pregnant women is not significant.Therefore,the use of hepatitis B immune specific globulin may not be necessary for the pregnant women.
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2010年第6期53-56,共4页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
基金
湖北省卫生厅资助项目
