摘要
在过去的20年内,随着纳米技术的飞速发展和人们社会需求的日益增加,摩擦学迅速发展,并随之产生了几个新的领域,比如纳米摩擦、生物摩擦、超滑、表面织构摩擦学、极端工况摩擦学、微动摩擦学等等。在未来的10年,这些领域和其他新出现的概念,比如:绿色摩擦、纳米制造摩擦学、新型超滑材料和新能源领域摩擦学等等,将在摩擦学研究工作中发挥重要的作用。纳米摩擦学包括纳米尺度下的薄膜润滑、纳米摩擦、纳米磨损、表面黏附等等。绿色摩擦学包括环境友好润滑剂、摩擦噪声的减小、没有环境污染的磨损。生物摩擦学包括人类器官中的摩擦学和仿生摩擦学。超滑包含不同类型的润滑剂,比如类金刚石膜、水基润滑剂、一些生物润滑剂,其具有极低的摩擦因数(0.001量级)。纳米制造摩擦学包括纳米结构制造中的摩擦学、纳米精度制造中的摩擦学和跨尺度(微观、中观和宏观)制造中的摩擦学。这些领域需要不同的理论和技术,以适应不同的制造对象和尺度。极端工况摩擦学包括在重载下、在高/低温度下、在高/低速度下和强腐蚀或氧化环境条件下的摩擦学问题。与表面织构相关的摩擦学理论和技术也是当今发展较快的领域。这些领域的新进展和未来10年的新需求将在下文中具体介绍。
Tribology has been well developed in the last 20 years since the development of nanotechnology and the increasing needs of the social progression.Several new areas have been brought out,such as nano-tribology,bio-tribology,superlubricity,surface texture.In the following 10 years,these new areas as well as other new emerging concepts,e.g.nano-tribology,green-tribology,bio-tribology,superlubricity,tribology in nanomanufacturing,superlubricity materials,tribology in extreme hard condition,surface texture related theory and technique,and tribology in new energy field,will play important roles in the tribological research works.Nano-tribology includes thin film lubrication （TFL） at nano-scale,nano-friction,nano-wear,surface adhesion,and so on.Green-tribology includes the environment-friendly lubricants,reduction of tribo-noise,anti-environmental pollution from wear contamination.Bio-tribology includes the tribology in organs of human being and the bionic tribology.Superlubricity includes different kinds of lubricants such as diamond like carbon （DLC） film,water based lubricant,some of bio-lubricants,which has an ultra-low friction coefficient down to the level of 0.001.How to push such ultra-low friction lubricants into application is still a big problem because they still have some disadvantages to be overcome.Tribology in nanomanufacturing includes the tribology in the manufacturing of nanoscale structure,the manufacturing with nano-precision,and the integration across higher dimensional scales （micro-,meso-and macroscale）.In such area,different theories and techniques are needed to fit different objects.Tribology in extreme hard condition including the tribology under a heavy load,at a high/low temperature,at a very high/low speed,etc.,and surface texture related tribological theory and techniques also develop quite fast in recent years.The new advancements in recent years and the future needs in the following 10 years of these areas have been introduced.
出处
《润滑与密封》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第12期1-12,共12页
Lubrication Engineering
基金
国际科技合作项目
国家自然科学基金项目(50721004)
关键词
摩擦学
绿色摩擦学
纳米制造
超滑
tribology
green-tribology
nanomanufacturing
superlubricity
