摘要
分析并观察了沿驱动段轴向分布多火塞燃烧驱动段的性能．提出主膜处同一管截面均匀分布三火花塞引燃的点火方法．用这种点火方法驱动产生的入射激波强度重复性较高，激波后气流速度、温度和压力的定常性亦大大改善，可满足气动试验实际要求．提出在驱动段尾端串接卸爆段来消除爆轰波反射高压，从而可使反向爆轰驱动段用来产生高焓高密度试验气流．这种反向爆轰驱动产生的入射激波重复性高，激波衰减弱．在主膜处的收缩段产生的反射波可缓解爆轰波后跟随的稀疏波的不利影响，从而使前向爆轰驱动具有实用性．在产生的入射激波强度相同条件下，前向爆轰驱动所需的爆轰驱动段可爆混合气初始压力可较反向爆轰低近一个量级．
The performance of oxy-hydrogen combustion (deflagration) driver ignited by multiple spark plugs distributed along axis direction were analysed and observed. The causes for low quality of test flow produced by the combustion driver have been found. An improved ignition means with three ignitors at main diaphragm has been developed, by which the incident shock waves with repeatability can be produced and the steadiness of the pressure temperature and velocity of the flow behind the incident shock were improved. Experience has shown that deflagrative combustion is very difficult to achieve at high pressure. An alternative form of combustion drive is using a detonation wave which is initiated near the main diaphragm propagates toward the end of the driver. While it arrives to the end closure, a reflected shock wave is formed. The von Neumann spike in the reflected region is very high. Such high load may seriously jeopardize the structure of the driver in case of high initial pressure. A buffer tube attached to the end of the detonation driver for eliminating high reflected pressure was proposed, which lead to the result that the backward detonation driver can produce high enthalpy and high pressure test flow. By means of the reflected shock wave formed at the convergent section near the main diaphragm to mitigate the pernicious effects of the Taylor rarefaction following a detonation wave, the forward detonation driver becomes practically feasible. For the same shock Mach number, the required initial pressure of the detonable mixture for forward detonation driver is lower than that for backward detonation driver by nearly one order of magnitude.
出处
《力学学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第4期389-397,共9页
Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
基金
国家科委基金
中国科学院力学研究所所长择优基金
国家自然科学基金!19082012
国防预研基金
中国科学院项目
国家高技术项目
关键词
燃烧驱动
爆轰驱动
气体爆轰
激波管
激波风洞
combustion driver, detonation driver, gaseous detonation, shock tube, shock tunnel
