摘要
目的探索氯硝柳胺悬浮剂水面喷洒杀灭日本血吸虫尾蚴的效果、优化条件及对鱼类的影响,建立快速杀灭血吸虫尾蚴、消除水体感染性的应急处置技术。方法将25%氯硝柳胺悬浮剂配制成浓度为1 000.0、100.0、10.0、1.0mg/L和0.1 mg/L溶液,分别取3.5 ml对含有日本血吸虫尾蚴的水体作水面喷洒。在喷洒后即刻(0 min)、10 min和30min,分别用小鼠法测定水体的感染性。将氯硝柳胺悬浮剂配制成100 mg/L溶液,按0.01、0.02、0.03 g/m2和0.04 g/m2用量,对水深为10、20、30 cm和40 cm含尾蚴的水体作水面喷洒,喷后30 min和60 min,采用小鼠法测定水体感染性。将斑马鱼放入待检静态水体中,以100.0 mg/L氯硝柳胺悬浮剂溶液,按0.01、0.02、0.03 g/m2和0.04 g/m2用量对水体作水面喷洒,喷洒后即刻(0 min)、10、30 min和60 min分别在距离水面0、10、20、30 cm和40 cm处取样,用高效液相色谱法测定水体中氯硝柳胺浓度;并在喷药后96 h内连续观察水中斑马鱼的死亡情况。结果用1000.0、100.0、10.0、1.0 mg/L和0.1 mg/L氯硝柳胺悬浮剂溶液水面喷洒后即刻(0 min)、10 min和30 min,水体感染性均显著下降,其中1 000.0 mg/L和100.0 mg/L组喷后30 min,水体即无血吸虫感染性。用100.0 mg/L氯硝柳胺悬浮剂药液,按0.01、0.02、0.03 g/m2和0.04 g/m2用量水面喷洒后30 min,水体感染性显著降低,60 min后即可消除水体感染性。以100.0 mg/L氯硝柳氨悬浮剂溶液对静态水体表面喷洒,即刻(0 min)表面浓度最高;10 min后可扩散到水深10 cm处;30 min后即可扩散至整个水体,且呈均匀分布。用100 mg/L氯硝柳胺悬浮剂溶液,按水面0.02 g/m2用量对体积为(3.14×202×50)cm3水体作水面喷洒后96 h内,斑马鱼死亡率为0。结论以25%氯硝柳胺悬浮剂配制成100.0 mg/L溶液,按0.02g/m2用量对日本血吸虫疫水进行水面喷洒,30～60 min后即可消除水体感染性,且对鱼类无明显毒性作用。该灭蚴法作为一种消除水体血吸虫感染性的疫水应急处置技术,可在监测预警阳性点推荐应用。
Objective To investigate the effect of suspension concentrate of niclosamide（SCN） on killing cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum on water surface,optimization and impact on fish,so as to establish an emergency-treatment intervention for rapidly killing cercariae and eliminating water infectivity.Methods SCN was formulated into different concentrations of solutions,and then the solutions were sprayed on the surface of water containing S.japonicum cercariae.The water infectivity was determined by using mice at 0,10,30 min after spraying SCN.SCN was formulated into a solution of 100 mg/L and then sprayed on the surface of the water by using the spraying values of 0.01,0.02,0.03 g/m2and 0.04 g/m2.At 30 min and 60 min after spraying,the water infectivity was determined by using mice.Zebra fish were transferred into the static water,then 100 mg/L SCN（s）,using spraying values of 0.01,0.02,0.03 g/m2 and 0.04 g/m2,were sprayed on water surface.At 0,10,30,60 min after spraying,the samples were collected at water depths of 0,10,20,30,40 cm,and niclosamide was determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography.The death of zebra fish was continually observed within 96 h after spraying SCN.Results At 0,10,30 min after spraying 1 000,100,10,1,0.1 mg/L SCN on water surface,the infectivity of water significantly decreased.At 30 min after spraying 1 000 mg/L and 100 mg/L SCN,no schistosome infectivity was detected in the water.At 30 min after spraying 100 mg/L SCN,with spraying values of 0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04 g/m2,the water infectivity significantly reduced,and no infectivity was found 60 min after spraying SCN.After the surface of static water was sprayed with 100 mg/L SCN,the peak concentration was found at 0 min,and the solution diffused to site with a water depth of 10 cm after 10 min,and 30 min later,SCN diffused to the whole water body,and distributed evenly.After spraying 100 mg/L SCN on the surface of water with a volume of（3.14×202×50） cm3,by using the spraying value of 0.02 g/m2,96 h later,no death of zebra fish was found.Conclusions From 30 to 60 min after spraying 100 mg/L SCN,with the value of 0.02 g/m2,on the surface of S.japonicum-infested water,the water infectivity can be eliminated,and there is no evident toxicity to fish.This cercaria-killing method,as an emergency-treatment intervention for infested water,can be applied in those surveillance and forecast sites.
出处
《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第1期22-27,共6页
Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control
基金
国家重大科技专项(2008ZX10004-011)
国家科技支撑计划(2009BAI78B06)
国家自然科学基金(81071379)
江苏省医学领军人才项目(LJ200608)
江苏省医学重点人才项目(RC2007094)
江苏省卫生厅项目(X200701
X200901)
关键词
血吸虫病
日本血吸虫
尾蚴
氯硝柳胺悬浮剂
预警
监测
水体感染性
疫水
毒性试验
江苏省
Schistosomiasis Schistosoma japonicum Cercaria Suspension concentrate of niclosamide（SCN） Forecast Surveillance Water infectivity Infested water Toxicity test Jiangsu Province
