摘要
目的为了解铁路运转值班人员不同工作时间对身体疲劳情况的影响,为铁路运输的合理倒班、合理用工提供依据。方法对胶新铁路的117名运转值班人员做了工作前后和工作不同时间的生理疲劳指标改变调查,评价其工作期间身体和生理健康水平和工作前后的疲劳情况。结果从运转值班员作业前后各项测试指标可看出,躯体因子的头沉、头痛、全身倦怠、打哈欠,精神因子的思维不集中、厌于思考问题、精神涣散、不爱动、不爱说话,神经因子的眼睛疲劳、眼发干发涩、动作不灵活、听觉迟钝,耳鸣方面差异有统计学意义,作业时间10 h疲劳情况比6和8 h的严重;疲劳测试的选择反应时、闪光融合频率、剂量作业、短期记忆等方面,错漏删字数、错误率各指标作业前后也有差异,作业10 h的疲劳情况比6和8 h的严重。结论工作时间长、工作单调和责任大是引起疲劳的主要原因,科学安排工作时间、开展健康教育和干预,是保证运转值班人员身体健康的主要手段。
[Objective]To understand the effect of the working time on fatigue condition of station attendants on duty,and provide basis for reasonable shifts and employment of railway transportation.[Methods]The physical fatigue factors changes of 117 station attendants on duty along Jiaozhou-Xinyi railway were investigated before working and after different working hours,the physical and psychological condition during working and the fatigue condition before and after working were evaluated.[Results]It can be seen from the testing indicators of the station attendants on duty before and after work that the items of head sank,headache,general malaise,yawn of the body factor,the items of rhembasmus,sedentariness,reticence of the mental factor,the items of eyes fatigue,eyes dry,not flexible,hypacusia and tinnitus of the nerve factor had significant differences.10 h working had more obvious impact on physical fatigue than 6h and 8h working.The items of choice reaction time,CFF,work capacity and short-term memory,etc in fatigue testing also had a difference before and after work,as well as error and missing deleting words and error rate.Fatigue condition of 10 h working was more serious than that of 6 and 8 h working.[Conclusion]The fatigue mainly causes by the long working time,monotonous work and heavy responsibility.Scientific arrangement of work,health education and intervention are the main means to ensure the physical health of station attendants on duty.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2011年第3期241-244,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
长交路客运机车乘务员及胶新线行车人员作业负荷现状研究[05904(64)]
关键词
运转值班员
工作时间
身体疲劳
防护措施
Station attendants on duty
Working time
Physical fatigue
Protective measures
