摘要
目的探讨甘肃省出生缺陷的发生率、种类及变化趋势,为预防措施的制定提供依据。方法按《中国出生缺陷监测方案》及《甘肃省妇幼卫生监测方案》,对甘肃省2001年～2008年间在43家监测医院住院分娩的围产儿进行监测。结果 (1)8年间的出生缺陷发生率平均为110.43/万,2004年起有明显上升趋势,各年份间出生缺陷发生率无显著的统计学差异。(2)胎儿性别间出生缺陷发生率无显著的统计学差异(P>0.05);孕母年龄别出生缺陷发生率呈两头高中间低特征,25～29岁年龄组出生缺陷发生率最低,在59/万～97/万之间;农村的出生缺陷发生率明显高于城市(P<0.05)。(3)8年间发生率最高的出生缺陷为神经管缺陷、先天性脑积水、总唇裂、马蹄内翻足、肢体缩短、多指(趾)、先天性心脏病。神经管缺陷和先天性脑积水始终位居我省出生缺陷的前三位。结论各类出生缺陷中以神经管缺陷、先天性脑积水、总唇裂高发,出生缺陷是遗传因素、营养因素、环境因素或多因素交互作用的结果。出生缺陷的防治应以预防为主,针对检出率高的出生缺陷,制定有效的行政干预和医疗保健措施。
Objective： To discuss the trend of birth defects incidence,species and changes in Gansu province,in order to provide evidence for preventive measure.Methods： According to Chinese Birth Defects Monitoring Program and Maternal and child health surveillance program in Gansu Province,to monitor perinatal birth in 43 hospitals in Gansu province from 2001 to 2008.Results： （1） In 8 years,the birth defects average incidence is 11.043 per thousand,its trend began go up in 2004,but there is no statistical difference between every years.（2） And the birth defects average incidence no statistical difference between boys and girls （P 0.05） ;The pregnant motheres age distribution characterized with＂two side high and middle low＂,the lowest incidence （5.9-9.7 per thousand ） is at 25-29 years age group,higher in country than in city （P 0.05）.（3） In 8 years,most common birth defects were neural tube defects,congenital hydrocephalus,cleftlip,talipes equinovarus,limb shorten,polydactyly and congenital heart disease.Neural tube defects and congenital hydrocephalus were always in first there birth defects in Gansu province.Conclusion： Neural tube defects,congenital hydrocephalus,cleftlip are high incidence in all birth defects,which are result of genetic or environmental factors,or interaction of both.Prevention is preior to therapy.Aiming at high detection rate of birth defects,to establish effective administrative intervention and medical care meature.
出处
《中国优生与遗传杂志》
2011年第1期94-96,共3页
Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity
关键词
围产儿
出生缺陷
监测
Perinatal
Birth defects
Monitoring
