摘要
本文总结了前人关于旱、涝、震灾害相关性研究的一些进展，介绍了目前关于自然灾害综合机理的一些认识。在此基础上，就地下能量对旱、涝、震灾害可能的影响作用和影响过程进行了探讨，认为从多圈层相互作用的角度来看，地下的能量聚散同旱、涝、震灾害可能存在着内在的有机联系。之后，指出了多灾种相关性研究现存的一些主要问题。
n this paper, some progresses in the studies of the relationship among droughtflood and earthquake hazards were summarized, and some understandings aboutcomprehensive mechanism of natural hazard formation were introduced also. Furthermore,the possible role and route that underground energy affects the occurrence of droughtflood and earthquake hazards etc., were discussed. Finally, the possible measures tosolve the existing problems in the field of multi-correlation relation research wereaddressed. The main conclusions were shown below:(1) It was shown, based on plenty former studies, that the abnormalities ofgeothermy, earth deformation, geomagnetism and gravitation etc., have some spatialand temporal relations with drought flood and earthquake hazards. In particular, thespatial migrations of earthquake hazards in China from west to east would be similarto the transportation of 'geothermy vortex' (which is a kind of abnormality thatshows a temperature increase by 0.5t in the depth of 3.2m under the ground) fromwest to east.(2) The authors addresses that there have some inner and intrinsic relationshipsbetween the underground energy (including geothermy) and the hazards such asdrought, flood and earthquake and so on from the point view of earth integratedmovement. One is that, on the basis of and aside from their controlling formalformation-factors, the development and occurrence of drought, flood and earthquakehazards may, to some extent be triggered and affected by the abnormality ofunderground energy. The other one is that all the abnormality of underground energyand the development and occurrence of drought flood and earthquake hazards are partof the integrated movement of whole earth. So, the relationship among them may notbe the cause and effect one, but they can, very possibly, indicate and portend eachother due to their belongings to the different aspects of the same earth integratedmovement.According to the above viewpoints, the following ideas of multi-hazardcorrelation are supposed in this paper. 1) the accumulation of underground thermalenergy and that of underground stress energy which can interchange each other undersome given condition, are all the part expressions of the integrated accumulation andaggregation of whole Earth's underground energy. When underground energysomewhere is accumulated to some extent the elementary condition - energyaccumulation condition for hazard development, is satisfied. However, the energyaccumulation is one thing, what kinds of hazard will happen is another thing, whichassociated closely with the energy releasing conditions and releasing environments onthat Place. If there are plenty of faults and other kinds of fissures on that Place, theaccumulated energy will be easy to release from underground to the atmosphere in thestyle of gas or liquid through the fault and fissures. At the same time, if themoisture among the atmosphere here is rather plenty, the more amount precipitationfor that Place than ever may be easy to get. Furthermore, if this process continuesseveral months or even more, flood will probably occur on that place (especiallywhen large scale precipitation is triggered through absorbing warm and humid current).2) When the accumulated energy can not be released into atmosphere or other placesand be stressed under earth crust in some place and accumulates continually, droughthazard maybe easily happen than that of flood hazard on that place. Besides, oncesuch kind of energy is released suddenly due to earth crust collapse for the reason ofthe energy accumulation exceeds the stress limits of crust, earthquake hazard willhappen easily on that place. 3) In the non-energy accumulative area, the droughthazard also easily occurs, but, the probability of huge earthquakes or floods is ratherlow, due to the underground energy being always normal.(3) Although, plenty of evidence about the correlative phenomena amongmulti-hazards had been discovered and the physical mechanism of these phenomenaalso had been, to some extent explored and explained by many scientists. It is just
出处
《第四纪研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第5期466-475,共10页
Quaternary Sciences
基金
国家"九五"重点科技攻关项目
关键词
多灾种
相关性
综合机理
旱灾
涝灾
震灾
multi-hazards, correlation, comprehensive hazard-formation mechanism, progresses
