摘要
引入数量比较信息,采用移动窗口阅读技术对文本阅读中推理的过程与内容进行研究。实验1探讨当文本阅读中存在数量比较信息时,是否能够进行即时整合,实验2和实验3分别探讨了数量比较信息即时整合的过程与内容。结果发现:当文本阅读中存在数量比较信息时,读者能够进行即时的信息整合,这种整合是自下而上的,支持记忆基础文本加工理论,如果时间足够,这种整合能够达到量化程度。
Information integration in text-comprehension is the focus of current text study,and has made great achievements.But researches about the process of information integration are usually indirect.On the one hand,most researches use the reading time of target sentences as a measure index,although it is science-based,and its accuracy is far less than the probe word.Some researchers use probe words to study the process of back-information in text comprehension,but they focus on how the information is activated.On the other hand,in both the top-bottom model and the bottom-up model,researchers infer the direction of information integration from the difference of target sentences in different conditions,while the target sentences themselves can not show a clear direction,which is not good enough for the research.Thirdly,text researchers have done some experiments on the instantaneousness and process of information integration,which shows information integration happens when the readers use inference in reading,but is limited by the experiment materials.No matter by the target information or the common narration,the content after information integration is not clear.Then,can we find a detection target which can directly study the process of information integration in text-reading？ This research is the first attempt of its kind to introduce numerical comparative information into text comprehension materials to study the process and content of information integration from a new perspective.This research combines comparative quantity information with comparative probe words to study the quantity comparison information working process in text comprehension through the sequence of the volume and degree of quantity information and reacting time of comparative probe words,that is,using the reading time of comparative probe words to study the process and content of information integration directly.The accuracy of quantity comparison information can help directly explore the degree and quantity of text comprehension information integration.Does the information integration happen？ If it does,is the situation model after integration an accurate description of information or just ordinary processing？ Then,by comparing the different quantities of the same object,and using daily words like＂many＂and＂few＂as probe words,we use its degree properties to explore the content of information integration. This research uses the concept of numerical comparative information and adopts the moving window technique to examine the process and content of information integration in text-comprehension.In each experiment,the researchers randomly chose about 30 university students,asked them to press a keyboard to read 23 coherent and uncontradicted narrations,and the computer automatically record the reacting time of the target sentences or probe words.Experiment 1 explored whether the immediate information integration happened when there was numerical comparative information in the text;Experiments 2 and 3 separately explored the process and content of the immediate integration of numerical comparative information. The results show that when there are numerical comparative information in text-comprehension,the readers all use immediate information integration,and this integration is a bottom-up model,which supports the concept of memory-based processing,and if time is enough,such integration can be measured.
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第1期48-53,共6页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(08JAXLX006)
教育部人文社会科学研究2008年度青年基金项目(08JCXLX005)
国家自然科学基金项目(30870783)
广东省普通高校人文社科重点研究基地创新团队项目(07JDTDXMXLX01)的资助
关键词
数量比较信息
整合
程度
comparable numerical information
Integration
level
