摘要
以自动索氏提取、GC-MS分析等复合方法体系对煤矿区土壤有机污染物特征、基本理化特性和微生物性质构成的土壤微生态环境进行了研究.结果表明,煤矿区土壤受到了不同程度的有机物污染,其含量分布在0.4～1.5 mg/g干土之间,为同地区背景土样的1.5～6倍.有机污染物中饱和烃和芳香烃等轻质组分含量超过40%,以C15以上的链烃、烃类衍生物及少量芳烃为主,组成基本与煤矸石中有机物相似,有一定的同源性.煤矿区土壤的理化性质除pH外,营养水平、含水率等均不利于微生物的生长与增殖,对微生物活性的发挥有一定的抑制性.煤矿区有机污染土壤的微生物数量(干土中)总体较低,大致为104～105个/g之间,FDA活性(以荧光素/干土计)则为2.0～2.9 mg/(g.min).总体上,微生物数量和活性随有机污染物含量的增加而降低,但由于复合了pH值等理化性质的影响,有必要对其进行深入探讨.
Soil micro-ecosystem including organic pollution characteristics,basic physicochemical parameters,and microbial properties was analyzed which contaminated with organic pollutants in coal mining area.Results showed that the organic pollution level in coal mining area soils distributed from 0.4 to 1.5 mg /g dry soil,which was 1.5-6 times as much as the background sample.Furthermore,the column chromatography and GC-MS analysis revealed that content of lightly components including saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons exceeded 40%,specifically was alkenes（ C15）,hydrocarbon derivatives,and a small amount aromatic hydrocarbons.Totally,the components of organic pollutants extracted in soils were similar to which in coal gangue samples,illustrating the source of soil pollution to a certain extent in coal mining areas.The physicochemical factors such as nutrient level and moisture contents were not conducive to the growth and reproduction of microbe except pH level,which might show inhibition to microbial activities.Microbial density of pollutant soils in coal mining areas was totally low,with specific amount 104-105 cell /g dry soil and FDA activity 2.0-2.9 mg /（g.min）.Generally,the microbial density and activity were decreased as the enhancing pollution level.However,in-depth analysis was needed urgently because of the complex impact of environmental conditions like pH,moisture,and nutrition.
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期875-879,共5页
Environmental Science
基金
中国矿业大学青年科研基金项目
中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2009QH09)
中国水利水电科学研究院开放研究基金项目(IWHRKF200820)
关键词
门头沟
煤矿区土壤
有机污染特征
微生态环境
微生物活性
Mentougou
coal mining area
organic contaminated soils
micro-ecosystem
microbial activity
