摘要
外来物种互花米草由于缺乏资源化利用途径,近年来已在我国沿海滩涂蔓延扩展。为了探索互花米草的控制与资源化利用途径,尝试将互花米草作为秸秆资源用于滨海盐碱土壤改良,为此选择适合于堆肥和还田的收割季节和部位,首先研究了不同部位互花米草成分的季节差异,结果显示,秋季互花米草秸秆的营养组分及其生物量较适合于堆肥和还田。堆肥结果表明,在耐盐菌和VT菌的共同作用下,添加羊粪后的互花米草秸秆经54d堆肥后,水浸提液的E4/E6值由初始的3.35提高到9.21,腐解过程显著;10min水洗脱盐率达到81.83%,较生米草大幅提高。8个月的盆栽(50kg级)试验表明,投加腐熟堆料后,土壤容重和含盐量降低,土壤有机碳、TN、TP、蔗糖酶活性显著提高,植物生物量为对照的3.74倍。这些结果初步表明,互花米草/羊粪混合堆肥还田能改善土壤理化性质,提高土壤肥力,增加作物产量,是一条实现资源化的可能途径。
Spartina alterniflora as an alien species,has spread on coastal beach in China in recent years because of lacking resource utilization way,and has been a serious threat to the survival of indigenous living creatures,leading to the decline of biodiversity.In order to explore a possible way of utilizing Spartina alterniflora straw,the feasibility of using Spartina alterniflora as straw resource to ameliorate coastal saline soil was studied in this work.Firstly,the seasonal dynamic of different parts of Spartina alterniflora was studied,and then the Spartina alterniflora with proper seasonal and part was selected to compost for humitying and desalinizing before its returning land.The result showed that Spartina alterniflora straw harvested in autumn was much more suitable for aerobic composting and returning in the view of plant biomass and ratio of C/N.During the composting process,the E4/E6 value of the extract of Spartina alterniflora/goat feces compost increased from initial 3.35 to 9.21 of after 54 days under the interaction by salt-tolerant and VT bacteria,indicating the compost had preliminary humitied.The desalination rate of the straw after composting by washing for 10 minutes was 81.83%;it was much higher than raw straw.The pot test（50 kg scale）showed that after returning composted Spartina alterniflora to saline soil for 8 months,soil bulk density and salinity reduced,while soil organic carbon、TN、TP and invertase significantly increased（P0.05）.And plant biomass increased by 274% comparing to the control.These results preliminary indicated that composting and returning Spartina alterniflora straw/goat feces could improve the chemical and physical properties of saline soil,increase soil fertility and plant biomass yield,and was a possible utilization way.Pilot scale experiment has been in process in Chongming Dongtan,China.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期513-521,共9页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
国家科技部科技支撑重大项目(2010BAK69B13)
上海市科委重大科技攻关项目(10DZ1200903)
关键词
互花米草
土壤改良
堆肥
秸秆还田
Spartina alterniflora
soil amelioration
compost
crop straw return
