摘要
四湖地区是湖北省有名的“水袋子”，治水是关系社会经济发展的重大问题。该区降水丰沛，年均１１１５．３ｍｍ，产生径流深３４３．８ｍｍ；过境客水流量大，年均５０８８×１０８１ｍ３；总体水资源丰富。由于降水的时空分布不匀，客水流量不稳定，常造成来水集中而形成洪涝灾害，来水不足而形成干旱威胁，尤其是春旱。建国以来，为兴利去害，四湖地区经历了隔断江湖、疏理水系、建立引水与自排系统、以及修建电排站等以防洪、排涝和灌溉为主要目的大规模水系整治过程，有效地控制了流域水患。但同时促进了过度的围湖围垸垦殖，使调蓄能力锐减，外洪内涝不断，所造成的经济损失也越来越大。在进一步分析了四湖地区洪涝灾害频繁发生的内外原因之后，提出了加固堤防，完善分蓄洪区建设；调整土地利用结构，合理调蓄；完善设施，合理调度的水资源调控对策措施。
Sihu Region is famous as “a water bag” in Hubei Province. The management of water resources is the key of the economical development in the region. Its water resources are rich with an average rainfall of 1 115.3 mm/a, an average surface runoff of 343.8 mm/a and an average passing flow of 5 088×10 8 m 3/a. With the even distribution of rainfall and the unstable passing flow, disasters like flooding, waterlogging and drought occur frequently. In order to solve the water problems in Sihu Region, a number of water projects, such as dams, canals, gates and drainage stations, have been built since the founding of the People's Republic. These water projects help the control of water and the reclamation of lands from the lakes in the region. With the over reclamation, water storage capacity has decreased sharply, then new water problems take place, and the loss incurred by water disasters is expanding. In this paper, the balance of water resources and the causes of flooding and waterlogging are analyzed. Measures of water management are suggested, which include consolidation of the main dams, establishment of the flood diversion projects, adjustment of the land use method, expanding of water storage capacity and scientific management of water resources.
出处
《长江流域资源与环境》
CAS
CSCD
1999年第3期256-260,共5页
Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin
基金
中国科学院"九五"重大项目
