摘要
目的了解天津市不同人群乙肝防治知识知晓率和乙肝疫苗接种率,为更好的制定成人乙肝疫苗接种和健康教育策略提供科学依据。方法按经济和地理特点分层,抽取天津市5个区(县),采用整群抽样方法抽取乙肝重点人群;采用方便抽样方法,以商场超市等公共场所普通人群作为对照;使用《天津市防治乙肝知识知晓率调查表》,调查乙肝疫苗接种情况,乙肝相关知识知晓率以及对乙肝病毒健康携带者的歧视状况。结果学生、教师、医务人员、保育员、饮食服务人员、银行职员、HBV家庭密切接触者和静脉吸毒人群乙肝疫苗接种率依次为41.33%、33.88%、70.23%、62.50%、38.16%、41.53%、39.84%和3.57%;乙肝知识知晓率分别为54.51%、73.47%、89.95%、77.36%、53.61%、64.72%、67.15%和28.72%;对乙肝携带者歧视率分别为52.54%、28.78%、5.85%、20.83%、54.08%、40.68%、22.71%和37.50%;普通人群乙肝疫苗接种率为32.82%,知晓率为58.30%,歧视率为31.07%。结论乙肝重点人群的乙肝疫苗接种率高于普通人群,但总体接种率仍不高;防治知识知晓状况参差不齐;存在乙肝歧视。
Objective To describe vaccination rate and awareness rate of viral hepatitis B（HBV） prevention and treatment knowledge,and to explore strategies of health education and vaccination for adults. Methods With stratified method,different populations in five districts or counties were randomly chosen for the investigation.The normal adults were selected in public place by convenience as comparison.A questionnaire survey on rate of vaccination,awareness and discrimination on viral hepatitis B was conducted among the participants. Results The vaccination rate of students,teachers,physicians,child-care workers,food service workers,bank workers,HBV intimate contact families,and intravenous illegal drug users was 41.33%,33.88%,70.23%,62.50%,38.16%,41.53%,39.84%,and 3.57% and the awareness rate was 54.51%,73.47%,89.95%,77.36%,53.61%,64.72%,67.15%,and 28.72%,respectively.There was discrimination to HBV carrier among the populations with the discrimination rate of 52.54%,28.78%,5.85%,20.83%,54.08%,40.68%,22.71%,and 37.50% among the different populations,respectively.The hepatitis B vaccination rate of the normal adults was 32.82% and the awareness rate was 58.30% and the discrimination rate was 31.07% among the normal adults. Conclusion The vaccination rate of special group is higher than that of the usual adults,but the total vaccination rate is relatively low.Various populations have different awareness and discrimination rates for HBV carrier.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第4期482-484,共3页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
关键词
病毒性肝炎乙型
疫苗
知晓
接种
歧视
viral hepatitis B
vaccine
awareness
inoculation
discrimination
