摘要
2009年11月—2010年1月,根据野猪的生物学特征和黄泥河自然保护区的地形、地貌特点,在研究地区布设47条样线,对保护区的野猪冬季栖息地利用进行了研究,测定了野猪对海拔、坡位、坡向、坡度、植被类型、郁闭度、树高度、树胸径、食物丰富度、隐蔽度、离水源距离和离人为干扰距离等12种生态因子的选择利用情况。结果表明:黄泥河自然保护区野猪冬季多活动在海拔≤1000m,坡下位的阳坡平坦地带,食物丰富度高,隐蔽度强,郁闭度中等,且离水源≤500m,离人为干扰>2000m的阔叶林和针阔混交林内;主成分分析表明,栖息地变量前4个特征值的累积贡献率达到77.5%,较好地反应了野猪的栖息地特征;影响野猪栖息地选择的关键因子是海拔、坡度、离人为干扰距离,次要因子是离水源距离、隐蔽度、树胸径。
From November 2009 to January 2010,an investigation was conducted to study the winter time habitat selection of wild boar（Sus scrofa ussuricus）in Huangnihe Nature Reserve.Based on the biological characters of wild boar and the landform characteristics of Huangnihe Nature Reserve,47 line transects were installed,and the ecological factors for the selection by wild boar,including altitude,slope position,aspect,slope gradient,vegetable type,crown density,tree height,tree diameter,food abundance,sheltering class,distance from water source,and distance from human disturbance,were investigated.In winter time,the wild boar in the reserve preferred the broadleaf forest and broadleaf-conifer mixed forest at altitude ≤1000 m and lower southern slope position,with high food abundance and sheltering class and normal crown density,near water source,and far away from human disturbance.Principal component analysis showed that the first 4 principal components of test habitat site variables explained 77.5% of the total variance.The primary factors determining the habitat selection of wild boar were altitude,slope gradient,and distance from human disturbance,and the secondary factors were tree diameter,sheltering class,and distance from water source.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第4期734-738,共5页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
吉林省科技厅重大科技专项(20065019)资助
关键词
黄泥河自然保护区
野猪
栖息地选择
Huangnihe Natural Reserve
wild boar（Sus scrofa ussuricus）
habitat selection
