摘要
目的:探讨不同分娩方式对孕产妇分娩结局及新生儿的影响,为临床合理选择分娩方式提供借鉴。方法:将856例孕产妇按照分娩方式分为自然阴道分娩组290例、剖宫产组285例和择期引产组281例,观察并比较三组产时、产后并发症、住院天数及新生儿Apgar评分。结果:自然阴道分娩组、剖宫产组及择期引产组产时及产后总的并发症发生率差异有统计学意义(分别为9.66%、2.11%、14.95%,P<0.05)。择期引产组的输血率、产后出血率、切口延期愈合率分别为4.27%、2.85%、2.85%,较其他两组(自然阴道分娩组分别为1.72%、2.07%、1.03%,剖宫产组分别为0.35%、1.05%、0.35%)高(P<0.05),而剖宫产组在输血率、产时损伤率、产后出血率、切口延期愈合率及产后尿潴留率方面均低于其他两组(剖宫产组分别为0.35%、0、1.05%、0.35%、0,自然阴道分娩组分别为1.72%、2.07%、2.07%、1.03%、2.07%,择期引产组分别为4.27%、0.36%、2.85%、2.85%、3.91%,P<0.05),三组产褥期感染率差异无统计学意义(自然阴道分娩组0.69%,剖宫产组0.35%,择期引产组0.71%,P>0.05)。剖宫产组及择期引产组住院天数较自然阴道分娩组长[分别为(6.9±2.3)d、(6.7±2.1)d、(4.6±0.7)d,P<0.05]。剖宫产组轻度窒息新生儿发生率较其他两组低(剖宫产组为0.35%,自然阴道分娩组为2.76%,择期引产组为3.20%,P<0.05),而自然阴道分娩组与择期引产组无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:剖宫产可减少分娩并发症,相对安全,但可增加产妇住院时间;择期引产可增加输血率及产后出血率,并使切口延缓愈合。因此,在无不适宜分娩的合并症及剖宫产的手术指征时,应鼓励孕产妇自然分娩。
Objective：To explore the effect of different routes of delivery on the maternal outcomes and newborns,and provide basis for selecting reasonable route of delivery in clinic.Methods：A total of 856 cases of parturients were divided into three groups according to the route of delivery,spontaneous vaginal delivery（SVD） group（290 cases）,cesarean section（CS） group（285 cases） and elective induction（EI） group（281 cases）,the complication during and after delivery,hospital days and newborns Apgar score of the three groups were observed and compared.Results：The total incidence of complications during and after delivery of SVD group,CS group and EI group showed significant difference（9.66%,2.11%,14.95% respectively,P〈0.05）.The blood transfusion rate,postpartum hemorrhage rate and incision delayed healing rate（4.27%,2.85% and 2.85% respectively） were higher than those of the other two groups（SVD group were 1.72%,2.07% and 1.03%,CS group were 0.35%,1.05% and 0.35%,P〈0.05）,the blood transfusion rate,intrapartum injury rate,postpartum hemorrhage rate,incision delayed healing rate and postpartum urinary retention of CS group were lower than those of the other two groups（CS group were 0.35%,0,1.05%,0.35%,0 respectively;SVD group were 1.72%,2.07%,2.07%,1.03%,2.07% respectively;EI group were 4.27%,0.36%,2.85%,2.85%,3.91% respectively;P〈0.05）,no significant difference in puerperium infection rate was shown among the three groups（SVD group was 0.69%,CS group was 0.35%,EI group was 0.71%,P〉0.05）.The hospital days of CS group and EI group were longer than those of SVD group [（6.9±2.3） d,（6.7±2.1） d,（4.6±0.7） d respectively,P〈0.05].The mild asphyxia rate of newborns in CS group was significantly lower than that of the other two groups（CS group was 0.35%,SVD group was 2.76%,EI group was 3.20%,P〈0.05）,and no significant difference was shown between SVD group and EI group（P〉0.05）.Conclusion：Cesarean section can decrease delivery-related complications and is a safe route of delivery,but it can increase the hospital days;elective induction can increase the blood transfusion rate and postpartum hemorrhage rate,and delay the healing of incision.Therefore,parturients should be encouraged to select SVD without complications unsuitable delivery and surgical indications of cesarean section.
出处
《中国医药导报》
CAS
2011年第10期41-43,共3页
China Medical Herald
关键词
分娩方式
分娩结局
新生儿
Route of delivery
Outcome of delivery
Newborns
