3Henrion J,Schapir M,Ghilain JM,et al.Upper gastrointestinal bleeding:what has changed during the last 20 years[J].Gastroenterol Clin Biol,2008,9(32):839-847.
4British Society of Gastroenterology Endoscopy Committee.Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage guidelines[J].Gut,2002,51(suppl 4):1-6.
5Garcia-Tsao G,Janyal AJ,Grace ND,et al.Prevention and management of gastroesophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis[J].Hepatology,2007,46(3):922-938.
7Barkun Alan,Bardou M,Marshall JK.Consensus recommendations for managing patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding[J].Ann Intern Med,2003,139(10):843-857.
8Magnusson I,Ihre T,Johansson C,et al.Randomised double blind trial of somatostatin in the treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage[J].Gut,1985,26(3):221-226.
9Coraggio F,Rotondano G,Marmo R,et al.Somatostatin in the prevention of recurrent bleeding after endoscopic haemostasis of peptic ulcer heamorrhage:a preliminary report[J].Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol,1998,10(8):673-676.
10Vlachogiannakos J,Kougioumtzian A,Triantos C,et al.Clinical trial:the effect of somatostatin vs.octreotide in preventing post-endoscopic increase in hepatic venous pressure gradient in cirrhotics with bleeding varices[J].Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2007,26(11-12):1479-1487.
9ENSTVEDT BK, GRALNEK IM, MA13"EK N, et al. An evaluation of endoscopic indications and findings related to nonvariceal upper- GI hemorrhage in a large multicenter consortium [ J ]. Gastrointest Endosc ,2008,67 (3) :422 - 423.
10ENSTVEDT BK, GRALNEK IM, MATTEK N, et al. An evaluation of endoscopic indications and findings related to nonvariceal upper- GI hemorrhage in a large multicenter consortium [ J ]. Gastrointest Endosc ,2008,67 (3) :422 - 423.
