摘要
江西省是我国的粮食大省,对未来国家粮食安全具有重要意义。本文分析了江西省1980-2005年的各类食物产量变化趋势,并结合食物营养转化式和不同生活水平的食物营养需求标准,对江西省食物营养供给总量和供需平衡进行时空格局分析,得出:①稻谷产量约占江西粮食总产量的95%,并一直保持增长趋势,而油料、大豆、薯类和甘蔗产量1998年以后均有下降趋势。②江西省的食物营养供给总量较为富余。2005年食物热量、脂肪和蛋白质的产量分别达到80.76×1012kcal、222.67万t和137.68万t,按照小康的生活标准,分别可供养9794、7532和5588万人,均高于江西省2005年的实际人口。③江西省食物营养供给呈稳步增长趋势,1980-2005年食物脂肪供给增加了7.40倍,热量和蛋白质分别增加了0.84倍和1.30倍。④江西省食物供给结构不均衡——食物热量的供给能力最强,90%的县市供给盈余,蛋白质次之,食物脂肪的供给能力相对最弱,2000年以后仍有1/2以上县市供给不足。应优化食物种植结构,重视油脂类作物的种植,提高食物脂肪的供给能力。⑤江西省食物供给能力较强区域主要分布在水土资源条件较好的鄱阳湖周边区域及赣江流域的部分县市。加强这些地区的耕地保护,对确保未来食物供给持续发展具有重大意义。
Jiangxi Province is one of the most important grain-production provinces in China.It is significant to understand the detail of food provision in Jiangxi Province.This paper analyzed the yield trend of food produc-tion in Jiangxi during 1980-2005.Food nutrition conversion formula and nutrition consumption standards were used to calculate the food provision.Overall food provision as well as spatial-temporal pattern of food provision and equilibrium of supply and demand were elucidated and demonstrated.The results show that,（1） rice ac-counts for 95% of total plant food output and the production of rice has been rising with tiny waves throughout the studying period,while the outputs of oil seeds,soybean,potato and sugarcane show downtrends since 1998,after rising for 15 years or so;（2） on the whole,food provision in Jiangxi Province is surplus.Taking the year of 2005 as an example,the outputs of food calorie,protein and fat amount to 80.76 nut12 kcal,2.2267 million ton and 1.3768 million ton respectively,which can support 97.94,75.32 and 55.88 million people respectively with a full-well-to-do living standard;（3） food provision of Jiangxi Province is increasing steadily,especially food fat provision,which increased 7.4 times in 2005 copmared to that in 1980 and provision of food calories and protein increased by 1.84 and 2.30 times respectively compared to 1980;（4） food provision of Jiangxi faces the problem of imbalance,food calories superabundance and food fat deficiency,so it is necessary to improve the planting structure and more fat-rich crops should be planted to heighten food fat provision so as to balance the food sup-ply;（5） counties near the Poyang Lake and Ganjiang River basin has higher food output than other regions in Ji-angxi,thanks partly to better availability of water resources.Therefore,it is important to protect the cropland in these high-yield regions and make a full use of the unused lands to maintain the sustainable food provision for Ji-angxi as well as for China.
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第4期479-484,共6页
Progress in Geography
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(kzcx2-yw-429)
国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAC08B04)
资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室自主研究项目(081105)
关键词
江西省
食物供给
时空格局
Jiangxi Province
food provision
spatial-temporal pattem
