摘要
[目的]研究大蒜、石榴、苍耳等6种植物提取物对几种常见蔬菜病害病原菌的抑制作用。[方法]采用生长速率法测定6种植物丙酮抽提物对病原菌菌丝生长的抑制效果,并进一步开展大蒜粉、苍耳提取物防治番茄早疫病的田间试验。[结果]大蒜、石榴提取物对多种植物病原菌的菌丝都有明显的抑制作用;苍耳次之;辣椒提取物主要抑制黄瓜炭疽病菌和番茄早疫病菌;蒲公英提取物主要对黄瓜炭疽病有抑制作用;侧柏叶对黄瓜白粉病菌的抑制率较高。1.5%大蒜粉防治番茄早疫病效果较好,防效均在95%以上;其中,以2 000倍效果最佳,对成株期番茄早疫病的防治效果达99.40%。[结论]6种植物提取物中,大蒜提取物的抑菌活性最强,1.5%大蒜素粉剂对番茄早疫病的防治效果最佳。
[Objective] Inhibition effects of six kinds of plant extracts on pathogenic bacteria of some usual vegetable diseases were studied including garlic,pomegranate,xanthium and so on.[Method] Inhibition effects of six kinds of plant extracts on mycelial growth of pathogenic bacteria were determined by mycelial growth rate methods,the field experiments of garlic powder and xanthium extract on controlling Alternaria solani were carried out further.[Result] Extracts of garlic and pomegranate had significant inhibition effect on the mycelium growth of a variety of plant pathogens;Xanthium second;pepper extract mainly inhibited the mycelium growth of anthracnose and early blight;Dandelion extract mainly controlled the anthracnose;The inhibition rate of oriental arborvitae on the powdery mildew were better than that on other pathogenic bacteria.The control effect of 1.5% garlic powder on the Alternaria solani were more than 95%,and better than that of xanthium extract.The 2 000 dilutions of 1.5% garlic powders got the best control effects,99.40% on the Alternaria solani while in the adult period.[Conclusion] Among the six kinds of plant extracts,the antibacterial activities of garlic extracts were the strongest,the control effect of 1.5% garlic powder on Alternaria solani were the best.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2011年第8期4570-4571,共2页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
山东省枣庄市科技局科技计划项目(200627)
关键词
植物提取物
大蒜
石榴
苍耳
抑菌活性
Plant extracts
Garlic
Pomegranate
Xanthium
Antibacterial activity
