摘要
目的:探讨孕期膳食及体重增长情况对妊娠期糖尿病发病的影响和糖尿病筛查试验对妊娠期糖尿病发病的预测价值。方法:于2007年4月～2010年6月,在厦门市妇幼保健院营养门诊收集265例妊娠期糖尿病患者,并收集同期就诊的正常孕妇571例作为对照组。调查两组孕妇的膳食情况,动态监测孕期体重增长,探讨孕期膳食及体重增长情况对妊娠期糖尿病发病的影响和糖尿病筛查试验对妊娠期糖尿病发病的预测价值。结果:①两组孕妇的一般资料具有可比性。②GDM组孕妇能量、碳水化合物、脂肪的摄入水平均高于对照组孕妇(P<0.05),并且饱和脂肪酸占能量的百分比高于对照组,单/多不饱和脂肪酸占能量的百分比低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。③GDM组孕妇硒的摄入量低于对照组,维生素E的摄入量高于对照组(P<0.01)。④对年龄进行分层后,分析孕期体重增长对妊娠期糖尿病发病的影响,发现除25岁前的孕妇外,GDM组的孕期体重总增长值高于对照组(P<0.05)。⑤糖尿病筛查用于预测空腹血糖水平有统计学意义(P=0.000),即糖尿病筛查值越高,空腹血糖水平高的可能性越大,面积的95%可信区间为0.767～0.878。结论:①孕期总能量和脂肪的摄入及孕期体重增长对妊娠期糖尿病的发病有影响,孕妇应当合理的控制饮食,维持体重的平稳增长。②糖尿病筛查高值提示空腹血糖高值,当糖尿病筛查结果超过10.9 mmol/L时孕妇应当先行空腹血糖测定。③加强孕期营养健康教育及围产期保健,及早进行妊娠期糖尿病筛查及系统管理,对提高母婴健康水平至关重要。
Objective：To explore the effects of gestational diet and body weight gain during pregnancy on the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）,and analyze the value of diabetes mellitus screening in prognosis of the occurrence of GDM. Methods：265 patients with GDM visiting outpatient department of the hospital from April 2007 to June 2010 were collected,571 normal pregnant women at the same period were selected as control group.The dietary conditions in the two groups were investigated,the body weight gain during pregnancy was monitored dynamically,the effects of gestational diet and body weight gain during pregnancy on the occurrence of GDM was explored,and the value of diabetes mellitus screening in prognosis of the occurrence of GDM was analyzed. Results：The general data in the two groups were comparable.The energy,intake levels of carbohydrate and fat in GDM group were significantly higher than those in control group（P〈0.05）,the proportion of saturated fatty acid of energy in GDM group was significantly higher than that in control group,the proportions of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid of energy in GDM group were significantly higher than those in control group（P〈0.01）.The intake level of selenium in GDM group was significantly lower than that in control group,the intake level of vitamin E in GDM group was significantly higher than that in control group（P〉0.01）.After age stratification,the effect of body weight gain during pregnancy on the occurrence of GDM was analyzed,the body weight gain during pregnancy in GDM group was significantly higher than that in control group（P〈0.05） except the pregnant women less than 25 years.There was significant difference for diabetes mellitus screening in prognosis of fasting blood glucose level（P=0.000）,the higher the diabetes mellitus screening value was,the higher the possibility of high fasting blood glucose level was,the 95% confidence interval was from 0.767 to 0.878. Conclusion：The intake levels of total energy and fat during pregnancy and body weight gain during pregnancy affect the occurrence of GDM,the pregnant women should control diet reasonably in order to maintain the steady growth of body weight.The high diabetes mellitus screening value indicates high fasting blood glucose level,when diabetes mellitus screening value was more than 10.9 mmol/L,the pregnant women should receive fasting blood glucose detection.Enhancing nutritional health education during pregnancy and perinatal health care,conducting GDM screening and systematic management are important for increase of maternal and child health levels
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
北大核心
2011年第11期1616-1619,共4页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
关键词
妊娠期糖尿病
膳食
体重
糖尿病筛查
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Diet
Body weight
Screening of gestationa｜ diabetes me[litus
