摘要
针对冀西北春玉米种植区氮肥用量和耕作方式对春玉米产量、氮肥利用效率及经济效益的影响进行研究,两年的试验结果表明,和常规耕作相比,免耕对春玉米产量无明显影响,通过建立的施氮量和春玉米产量的肥料效应方程,求得免耕1(玉米和大豆间作)春玉米的适宜氮用量为190～209 kg/hm2,免耕2(玉米单作)春玉米的适宜氮用量为192～212 kg/hm2,常规耕作(玉米单作)春玉米的适宜氮用量为193～216 kg/hm2。随着施氮量的增加,春玉米的氮肥偏生产力逐渐降低,氮肥农学效率和氮肥回收利用率在施氮量为150 kg/hm2时最高,施氮量超过225 kg/hm2则显著降低。免耕1、免耕2、常规耕作适宜施氮水平的氮肥偏生产力分别为48.3～70.2、48.0～70.4和49.0～68.5 kg/kg,氮肥农学效率分别为15.2～20.5、15.2～21.1和16.4～18.6 kg/kg,氮肥回收利用率分别为32.5%～44.0%、32.5%～45.2%和35.1%～39.0%。和常规耕作相比,免耕可以较大幅度地提高经济效益,随着施氮量增加,春玉米和大豆的产量没有同步增加。
Based on N application rates and soil tillage modes experiment,yield,N use efficiency of spring maize and economic benefit were studied in the northwest of Hebei Province.The results of two years showed that compared with conventional tillage,no-tillage mode had no significant effect on yield of spring maize,through analyzing fertilizer response modle of N rate and yield of spring maize,the proper rate of N of spring maize was 190～209,192～212 and 193～216 kg/hm2 for no-tillage 1,no-tillage 2 and conventional tillage modes.With increase of N application rate,partial factor productivity from applied N（PFPN） of spring maize gradually decreased,agronomic efficiency of applied N（AEN） and apparent recovery efficiency of applied N（REN） arrived highest at N rate of 150 kg/hm2,and significantly decreased when N application rate was more than 225 kg/hm2,PFPN were 48.3～70.2,48.0～70.4,49.0～68.5 kg/kg,AEN were 15.2～20.5,15.2～21.1,16.4～18.6 kg/kg,and REN were 32.5%～44.0%,32.5%～45.2%,35.1%～39.0% for no-tillage 1,no-tillage 2 and conventional tillage modes at proper rate of N.Compared with conventional tillage,no-tillage mode could reduce the cost of soil tillage,greatly improve economic benefit,and high N application rate could not increase yield of spring maize and soybean.
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第2期28-34,共7页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B02-02)
张家口市科技攻关计划项目(0811038C-3)
河北省科技支撑项目(09220903D)
关键词
氮肥用量
耕作方式
产量
氮肥利用率
经济效益
N application rate
tillage mode
yield
nitrogen use efficiency
economic benefit
