摘要
为了有效预防和控制作业场所职业危害,根据企业生产活动的过程和大量职业病案例分析,从人、物、环境、管理、安全技术、法制监管和社会经济利益等方面对作业场所职业危害风险影响因素进行分析,形成作业场所风险影响因素体系。运用系统工程理论,建立作业场所风险影响因素的5级多层递阶解释结构模型(ISM),并采用层次分析法(AHP)确定出表层直接影响因素指标体系中各指标的权重。通过分析作业场所风险影响因素的关系结构,得到作业场所职业危害风险的表层直接影响因素、中层间接影响因素和深层影响因素。结果表明,多层递阶ISM能有效地建立起作业场所风险影响因素的结构,可以直观地反映出各影响因素间的层次关系;AHP法确定出管理因素、安全技术和人的因素是作业场所职业危害的主要风险影响因素,为预防和控制作业场所职业危害提供参考。
In order to effectively prevent and control the occupational hazards at workplace,based on enterprise＇s production activities and the case study on lots of occupational illnesses,the influencing factors for risks at workplace are analyzed to form a factor system from the aspects of human,machine,environment,management defects,safety technology,legal regulation and social economic benefits.By use of system engineering theory,a 5-layer hierarchal interpretative structure model is established.And the Analytic Hierarchy Process is applied to determine the relative weights of the direct factors in surface.Then the direct surface,middle-level indirect and deep fundamental factors are obtained by analyzing the relationship and the structure of factors.The results show that the hierarchal interpretative structure model can effectively establish the structure of the risk factors at workplace and directly reflect the hierarchical relationships of factors.Management,safety technology and human are the chief factors affecting the risks at workplace,which provides a reference for preventing and controlling occupational hazards at workplace.
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第1期140-146,共7页
China Safety Science Journal
基金
西安建筑科技大学青年科技基金资助(QN0735)
"濮耐"教育奖学金青年教师科研基金资助(PN0807)
