摘要
目的 :为以面动脉为蒂逆行下颌缘皮瓣修复鼻缺损提供解剖学基础。方法 :3 6侧灌注红色乳胶成人头面部及 8侧铸型标本 ,详细解剖观测下颌缘皮瓣血供、下颌下缘平面至口角平面动静脉长度、面神经下颌缘支和面动脉交点处距下颌下缘距离。结果 :下颌缘皮瓣血供主要来源于面动脉及其分支 ,同时亦接受枕动脉及甲状腺上动脉的分支营养 ,并互相吻合。平下颌骨下缘平面 ,面动脉距下颌角距离为 2 .8± 0 .3 ( 2 .4～ 3 .5 )cm ,动脉前壁与静脉后壁距离 0 .7± 0 .2 ( 0 .4～ 1.2 )cm ,动脉后壁与静脉前壁距离 0 .4± 0 .2 ( 0～ 0 .9)cm。口角平面 ,动脉前壁与静脉后壁距离 1.4± 0 .4( 0 .5～ 1.9)cm ,动脉后壁与静脉前壁距离 0 .9± 0 .4( 0 .3～ 1.5 )cm ,两平面间面动静脉长 4.5± 0 .3 ( 4.1～ 5 .4)cm。面神经下颌缘支多为 1～ 2支 ,与面动脉的关系恒定 ,多走行于动脉的浅面 ( 83 .3 % )。另有 8%的下颌缘支弓状行于下颌骨下缘下方 1cm范围内。结论 :以面动脉为蒂的下颌缘皮瓣逆行转位修复全鼻缺损 。
To provide anatomy basis for the repairing nasal defect with reverse marginal mandibular flap pedicled with facial artery.Methods:The blood supply of marginal mandibular flap,the length of facial artery and vein between inferior border of mandible plane and cheilion plane,the distance from the point where the marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve cross the facial artery to the inferior border of mandibule were observed and measured on 36 sides cephalic facial specimens perfused with red emulsion and 8 sides cast specimens.Results:The marginal mandibular flap was supplied mainly by the facial artery and its branches,also by the occipital artery and superior thyroid artery.On the inferior border of mandible plane,the distance between the facial artery and the angle of mandible,from the anterior paries of facial artery to the posterior paries of facial vein,from posterior paries of facial artery to the anterior pries of facial vein was 2.8±0.3(2.4～3.5) cm,0.7±0.2(0.4～1.2) cm,0.4±0.2(0～0.9) cm respectively.On the cheilion plane,the length from the anerior paries of facial artery to the posterior paries of facial vein,from the posterior pries of facial artery to the anterior paries of facial vein was 1.4±0.4(0.5～1.9) cm and 0.9±0.4(0.3～1.5) cm.The distance of facial artery and vein between two planes was 4.5±0.3(4.1～5.4) cm.The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve had 1～2 ramus preponderantly.The relationship between the nerve and the artery was relative constant.In 83.3% of the specimens,the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve laid superficially to the facial artery.In addition,8% marginal mandibular branch laid arched blow the inferior margin of mandible within 1 cm.Conclusions:This reverse marginal mandibular flap pedicled with facial artery could be used to repair the nasal defect.
出处
《中国临床解剖学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第4期333-335,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy
关键词
下颌缘皮瓣
鼻缺损
应用解剖
Marginal mandibular flap Nasal defect Applied anatomy
