摘要
目的通过分析造船坞职业病危害及其关键控制点,探讨其适用的防护对策和管理措施,为造船坞职业病危害防控提供依据。方法采用职业卫生调查、职业病危害因素检测和检查表分析等方法综合评判关键控制点及其防护措施。结果造船坞存在化学毒物、粉尘、噪声、高温、电焊弧光、振动和X射线等职业病危害因素;焊工接触的电焊烟尘和二氧化锰浓度超标率为47.4%;补漆工接触的甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯浓度超标率分别为16.7%、41.7%和33.3%;工作场所噪声强度超标率为97.6%;其他危害因素均低于职业接触限值。结论造船坞职业病危害关键控制岗位为焊工、打磨工、补漆工和探伤工,应采取综合防控措施控制有害因素。
Objective To analyze occupational hazard and critical control points in dock of shipyard,to explore the preventive measures and management for the dock,and to provide a basis for formulating protective strategy of occupational hazard. Methods Occupational sanitary survey,detection of occupational disease factors,and checklist analysis methods were used to comprehensively assess critical control points and preventive measures. Results The main occupational hazard factors that existed in the dock were chemical toxicants,dust,noise,high temperature,electric welding＇s arc light,vibration and X-ray.The rate exceeded occupational exposure limits about welding fume and manganese dioxide was 47.4%.The rates exceeded occupational exposure limits about toluene,xylene and ethylbenzene was 16.7%,41.7% and 33.3%,respectively.The rate exceeded occupational exposure limits about noise was 97.6%.Concentrations or intensities of other hazard factors were all below occupational exposure limits. Conclusions The critical control points of occupational hazard are welder,grinding worker,painter and X-ray application worker.Occupational hazard precaution should take integrated step.
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2011年第4期656-658,共3页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
广州市科技计划项目(2010GN-E00221)
广东省医学科研基金项目(B2009218)
广州市医药卫生科技重大项目(2009-ZDa-01)
关键词
造船厂
船坞
职业病危害
关键控制点
电焊
Shipyard
Dock
Occupational hazard
Critical control point
Electric welding
