摘要
目的了解5年来河北省滦南县(以下简称滦南县)对中学生进行艾滋病宣传教育的效果,分析宣传教育中存在的问题,为进一步做好干预工作提供科学依据。方法以2005年的首次调查为基线调查,将2009年的调查结果与之比较。抽样方法都采用随机整群抽样,使用统一的调查表对所抽取的学生进行问卷调查。结果根据联合国大会艾滋病特别会议(UN General Assemblyon Aide,UNGASS)指标定义,2005年滦南县中学生艾滋病知识知晓率只有27.2%,初中生低于高中生,女生低于男生,农村学校学生低于城关学校学生。经过连续5年的宣传教育,艾滋病知识知晓率升高至95.5%;初中生对艾滋病病毒感染者持宽容态度的比例仍保持在70%左右,持排斥态度的比例由13.7%上升至28.6%,高中生对艾滋病病毒感染者持宽容态度的比例由66.4%上升至78.6%,持排斥态度的比例保持在16.0%左右;电视、报纸杂志、广播和免费宣传材料能够覆盖本县90%以上的中学生。结论 5年宣传教育极大提高了滦南县中学生艾滋病知识知晓率,但是初中生中持排斥态度的比例有所提高,中学生希望获取艾滋病相关知识的方式与实际获得方式有一定差别,因此探索出适应中学生心理特点的健康教育模式十分必要。
Objective To evaluate a 5-year HIV/AIDS education project among middle school students,and discuss advantages and disadvantages of this project so as to provide scientific evidences for future intervention. Methods The results of the survey in 2005 were used as the baseline data to compare with those from the survey in 2009.For each survey,the random cluster sampling method was used to select students,and each student was investigated by the uniform questionnaire. Results In 2005,only 27.2% of the middle school students correctly answered the five core questions about HIV/AIDS.The HIV awareness rate was higher in senior middle schools,girls,and urban middle school than in junior middle schools,boys and rural middle schools respectively.After the 5-year continuous education project,the HIV awareness rate reached 95.9%.In junior middle schools,the proportion of students who had tolerant attitude toward HIV carriers remained at a level of 70%,but the proportion of student repellent against HIV carriers raised from 13.7% to 28.6% during the 5-year period.In senior middle schools,the proportion of students with tolerant attitude to HIV carriers raised from 66.4% to 78.1%,while that of students with discriminative repellent attitude remained at 16%.The newspaper,magazine,broadcast,and free education materials were the most important media for HIV awareness,covering 90% of the middle school students. Conclusion The project significantly improved the HIV awareness of middle school students in Luannan County.However,the number of students with tolerant attitude to HIV carriers increased a little,and the actual means through which the students obtained HIV/AIDS knowledge were not in accordance with those the students preferred.It is necessary to explore new health education modes adapting to the mental characteristics of middle school students.
出处
《首都医科大学学报》
CAS
北大核心
2011年第2期194-198,共5页
Journal of Capital Medical University
基金
第三轮全球基金艾滋病项目(CHN-304-G03-H)~~
关键词
艾滋病
中学生
教育
效果
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
middle school student
education
effectiveness
