摘要
该文根据复原了的元代《授时历》交食推步术及有关史料，重新考察并研究了“仲康日食”的古代计算结果，并就僧一行（683～727）、郭守敬（1231～1316）和阎若璩（1636～17O4）的推算用《授时历》法进行了研究，确认了古代推算这次日食的日期对应于公元前2128年1O月13日，是由僧一行和郭守敬给出的，但其食分的推算值却很小。
According to the eclipse calculations of the Shoushi calendar (formulated byGuo Shoujing, made in 1280, adopted from 1281 to 1644) of Yuan Dynasty recovered now andsome related historical data, this paper investigates the event of Zhong Kang solar eclipserecorded in Shang Shu (The Book of History), and three ancient calculations. One of the cal-culations was done by the monk-astronomer Yi Xing who was also named as Zhang Sui (683~727) with the Dayan calendar (formulated by Yi Xing, made in 728, adopted from 729 to761 ) in the Tang Dynasty (618~907), and was recorded in the Xin Tang Shu (New Historyof the Tang Dynasty). The other was by Guo Shoujing (1231~1316) with the Shoushi calen-dar (formulated by Guo Shoujing, made in 1280, adpoted from 1281 to 1644, and was recordedin Li Zhi (calendar part of the annals in China) of Yuan Shi (annals of the Yuan Dynastyfrom 1279 to 1368). The third one of the Zhong Kang so1ar eclipse was made by Yan Ruoqu(1636~ 1704) in his book Shangshu Guwen Shuzheng, who derived three dates of the eclipseswhich took place in the Zhong Kang period, Oct. 22, 2156 BC, July 5, 2159 BC and June 9,2149 BC (converted to the Julian calendar), but our work proves that according to his count-ing method (als0 the Shoushi calendar) the results are incorrect, and there must be somethingwrong with his calculation. So we identify that the date of the ancient computation should be Oct. 13, 2128 BC as derived by Yi Xing and Guo shoujing, but the maximum magnitude of this eclipse was very samll.
出处
《自然科学史研究》
CSCD
1999年第3期234-240,共7页
Studies in The History of Natural Sciences
基金
"夏商周断代工程"经费支持
关键词
仲康日食
授时历
古代推算
日食
Zhong Kang solar eclipse, Shoushi calendar, ancient calculation
