摘要
研究探讨审美加工的心理机制。基于愉悦流畅模型假设作品的内容易得度、清晰度、美丽度会通过影响加工流畅性进而影响审美偏好。研究包括两个实验,实验1以分类任务为实验程序记录被试对内容易得度、清晰度、美丽度不同的绘画的识别反应时,实验2请被试对实验一呈现过的绘画进行偏好评价。研究结果证明抽象审美加工与知觉识别同时进行。内容易得度、清晰度和美丽度显著影响作品的加工流畅度。加工流畅度和偏好评价显著正相关。
To investigate the processes underlying aesthetic appreciation, on the basis of the hedonic fluency model, we assumed content accessibility, clarity, and beauty were associated with processing fluency and affected preference rating; and the hedonic fluency model was reversible; the more beautiful the art works, the greater the processing fluency. According to the inconsistent results of previous studies, we explored the processing stages of aesthetic perception and aesthetic judgment. In Experiment 1, we used the explicit classification paradigm to measure the response time participants needed to recognize cubist art works of different classes of content accessibility, clarity, and beauty . The experimental session started with written instructions on the computer screen, followed by 6 training trials to ensure that the subjects understand the instructions correctly. Subsequently 72 slides were randomly assigned on the computer screen with the E-prime2.0 software used. A single trial started with the presentation of a fixation crcss（ ＋ ） in the center of the screen. The fixation cross was replaced by the experimental slide remaining on the screen until the button was pressed with a maximum trial duration of 5,000 ms. The ISI was chan4ged between1000ms to 2500ms randomly. The subjects were instructed to press the Y on the keyboard as soon as they recognized a concrete object depicted in the painting. And they could also press the R if they did not think they could figure out what this painting meant. In order to make the participants look carefully, they were told to talk about these paintings after the experiment. But they did not have to remember these paintings. Experiment 1 lasted approximately 5 min. After a 10 min break, the participants went on to do Experiment 2, in which they were asked to evaluate all the pictures presented in Experiment 1. 72 slides were randomly assigned on the computer screen with the duration of 1000ms with the E-prime2.0 software used. As soon as the slides disappeared, the participants were asked to rate the slides on a 5-point scale on preference ranging from ＂do not like＂ （1） to ＂highly prefer＂ （5） . The results indicate higher content accessibility, clarity, and beauty are associated with higher processing fluency. Content accessibility and beauty have positive correlation with preference rating. Higher processing fluency was associated with higher evaluation. In addition, the more beautiful the art work is, the more fluent itsprocessing. A gist is formed and used as criteria of classification during the initial stage of aesthetic appreciation. And the processing fluency of gist formation contributes to aesthetic evaluation. Generally speaking, abstract aesthetic processing and perceptual recognition works simultaneously. The processing fluency generated in the perception recognition process can affect the aesthetic evaluation. There is a positive correlation between aesthetic preference and processing fluency. And according to the different tasks of various aesthetic processing stages, the influence of content accessibility, clarity, and beauty is different.
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期565-570,共6页
Journal of Psychological Science
关键词
审美
愉悦流畅模型
加工流畅度
反应时
偏好评价
aesthetic appreciation, hedonic fluency model, processing fluency, response time, preference rating
