摘要
目的了解中山市近年来青年学生艾滋病流行状况、艾滋病知识及相关行为特征。方法 2006、2008、2009和2010年,按照国家监测方案要求,采用分阶段整群抽样方法,对中山市辖区内大学、大专、中专和职高在读学生进行问卷调查,并采集静脉血进行人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)和梅毒检测。结果 2006-2010年,共监测3 237人,无HIV和梅毒抗体阳性者。2006、2008、2009和2010年,青年学生艾滋病知晓率分别为66.2%(520/786)、88.2%(730/828)、77.3%(634/820)和69.1%(555/803)。2006、2008、2009和2010年,自我报告最近1年危险性行为发生率分别为0.4%(3/739)、1.1%(9/808)、1.5%(12/807)和3.8%(27/716),呈增长趋势(P<0.01)。多因素分析表明,男性、艾滋病知晓率低和吸毒者最近一年自我报告危险性行为发生率更高。在发生过性行为的人群中,第一次性行为年龄越早,最近一年危险性行为发生率越高(P<0.01)。结论中山市青年学生HIV感染率总体维持低水平,但是青年学生对艾滋病认知不足,危险性行为发生率呈增长趋势。在青年学生中应进一步加强性安全知识教育,提倡推迟第一次性行为时间。
Objective To explore the status of HIV epidemic and the characteristics of HIV-related knowledge and behaviors among young students in Zhongshan in recent years. Methods Using randomized cluster sampling method,the students of universities,junior colleges and secondary vocational colleges in Zhongshan were recruited in 2006,2008,2009,and 2010.Questionnaire about basic demography and risk behavioral information and serological test of HIV and syphilis were administered by the health staff according to the national standardized protocol. Results A total of 3,237 young students were recruited for the surveillance.No HIV infection or syphilis infection was detected.The awareness rates of HIV/AIDS in 2006,2008,2009,and 2010 were 66.2%（520/786）,88.2%（730/828）,77.3%（634/820） and 69.1%（555/803）,respectively.The proportion who had engaged in risky sexual behaviors during the last year was 0.4%（3/739） in 2006,1.1%（9/808） in 2008,1.5%（12/807） in 2009,and 3.8%（27/716） in 2010,which showed an upward trend（P0.01）.Multivariate analysis indicated that male,people who had lower awareness rate of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and drug users were more likely to engage in high-risk sexual behaviors during the last year.For sexually active respondents,people who initiated sexual activity earlier were more likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors during the last year（P0.01）. Conclusions HIV epidemic among young students in Zhongshan was still at low level.However,HIV/AIDS-related knowledge in young students was insufficient,and the students who engaged in risky sexual behaviors were on the rise.Sex-education should be further enhanced among young students,and delaying the age of first sexual activity should be advocated.
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2011年第5期828-830,共3页
Practical Preventive Medicine
关键词
艾滋病
疫情
监测
青年学生
AIDS
Epidemic situation
Surveillance
Young students
