摘要
农业遗产必然是适应于特定自然与生态系统,经历过超长时段积淀的产物,而不同国家和民族所处的自然与生态系统都具有很强的稳态延续能力,其演化、变迁的速度极为缓慢,变幅也不会太大。这就使得不管是哪种农业遗产,无一不具有古今通用,甚至可以沿用至未来的禀赋,因而各民族的农业遗产即使处在快速巨变的今天,其应用价值依然有效。对农业遗产而言,关键是发掘、传承、利用和推广,并立足于其固有的自然与生态适应禀赋去有选择的推动与现代科学技术的接轨,使之能服务于当代的社会经济发展和生态维护,增进人类的身心健康。这就使得农业遗产与其它类型的非物质文化遗产迥然不同,光实施保护还远远不够,推动农业遗产实现其特殊价值更有意义。
Agricultural heritage is adapted to specific natural and ecological systems, and these systems are generally stable and sustainable in all countries and ethnic groups. Consequently, each agricultural heritage could be useful not only in ancient and modem times, but also in the future. Even in the process of modernization nowadays, agricultural heritage of ethnic groups still has the special value. Because agriculture heritage ended in the front industrial age, no ethnic group could fulfill the survival needs by the support and system guarantee of other nations. They have to depend on the normal operation of national culture to face all kinds of natural and ecological challenges. This is quite different from the intensive farming under the industrial culture. The industrial culture could cope with a variety of natural challenges posed by market operation, the transfer of technology and equipments, the cross-cultural social aid, and so on. But agricultural heritage could only treat ecological maintenance as the primary goal, so that agricultural heritage could not only meet the requirements of low carbon economy, but also bring social economic and ecological benefits without the supply of fossil energy. The inheritance and application of agricultural heritage are the reliable means for ecological construction. The agricultural heritage of all Chinese ethnic groups has applications in society, which is the combination of knowledge, wisdom, technology, and skills. This feature displays in the sustainable capacity of the objects which the agricultural heritage is adapt to, as well as the shifting of the scope of application and the grafting of the agricultural heritage itself. The special value of the agricultural heritage is the ecological value consisting of three aspects. First, it could avoid the weak links among its ecological systems. Second, it could reduce the potential of risks in natural and ecological environments. Third, it could remedy the missing links of resources in the environment. Therefore, agricultural heritage is the foundation of the development of human society. The inheritance and evolution of agricultural heritage are also a primary focus of the community, in which participation of people and specific processes are indispensable. However, there are still some limitations involved in the inheritance since social coordination does not seem to advance with time. It is urgent for people to establish the awareness of agricultural heritage protection.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第6期1025-1031,共7页
Resources Science
基金
国家社科基金重点项目:"扩大与稳定我国中西部水资源储养能力的文化对策研究"(编号:08AJY025)
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(编号:NCET-10-0146)
关键词
农业遗产
非物质文化
特殊价值
中国
China
All ethnic groups
Agricultural heritage
Ecological value
