摘要
目的了解北京市儿童、青少年体成分的状况,分析其年龄和性别变化特点。方法利用3项在北京城区或北京郊区的儿童、青少年中开展的横断面研究,选取8、9、10、13、14、15岁男女生共947人。测量身高、体重,计算体质指数;采用双能X线吸收法测量全身及手臂、腿部和躯干的体成分,计算身体脂肪含量指数（FMI）、去脂体重指数（FFMI）、体脂百分比（%BF）和躯干/四肢脂肪比。结果随年龄增长,女生的FMI从4.8 kg/m2增加到7.6 kg/m2,%BF、FFMI和骨矿物质含量均相应增加;男生FMI从13岁开始下降,%BF则从8岁的23.9%下降到15岁的14.7%,但FFMI和骨矿物质含量均相应增加。各年龄段女生的FMI和%BF均高于同龄男生,且脂肪均主要分布于四肢;女生FFMI均低于同龄男生,8~15岁男生的增长总量接近女生的2倍,且瘦体重主要分布于躯干;男女生间骨矿物质含量差异无统计学意义。结论儿童青少年在生长过程中,各种体成分的含量、比例和分布不断变化,且存在性别差异。
Objective To understand the body composition of children and adolescents in Beijing and its correlation with age and gender.Methods The data from three previous studies about children and adolescents living in urban or rural Beijing were used in this cross-sectional study.A sample of 947 subjects aged from 8 to 10 and from 13 to 15 was selected.Height,weight,and total and regional body compositions,which were measured by dual-energy X-ray absoptiometry（DEXA）,were used to calculate BMI,Fat Mass Index（FMI）,Fat-free Mass Index（FFMI）,percentage of body fat（%BF）,and trunk/limb fat ratio.Results FMI of girls increased from 4.8 kg/m2 to 7.6 kg/m2 with aging and as well as %BF,FFMI,and bone mineral content（BMC）.However,FMI of boys started to decline at age 13,and their %BF declined from 23.9% at age 8 to 14.7% at age 15.FFMI and BMC of boys increased with aging.FMI and %BF of girls were higher than boys at each age,whereas FFMI was lower than boys,which increased closely 2 times in boys than in girls from age 8 to age 15.Fat Mass（FM） was mainly distributed on limbs,and Lean Body Mass was mainly distributed on the trunk.There was no significant gender difference in BMC.Conclusion The content,proportion and distribution of body compositions of children and adolescents are changing with growing,and there are differences between boys and girls.
出处
《中国健康教育》
2011年第6期415-418,433,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
崔巢基金
关键词
儿童青少年
体成分
脂肪含量指数
去脂体重指数
体脂百分比
瘦体重
Children and adolescents
Body composition
Fat mass index（FMI）
Fat-free mass index（FFMI）
Percent body fat（%BF）
Lean body mass（LBM）
