摘要
随着我国扶贫战略从区域扶贫向个人扶贫的转变,2007年我国在农村地区全面建立了最低生活保障制度。基于一份具有全国代表性的农户资料,本文采用赤贫指数从多维度度量了农户的贫困程度,并将其应用于农村最低生活保障制度的瞄准效率研究。赤贫指数越低,表示农户越贫困,理论上,这些农户也越应该获得领取最低生活保障资格。结果发现,现阶段我国农村最低生活保障制度瞄准效率不高,瞄准遗漏和瞄准漏出同时存在。其中,在村级层面的分析结果发现,样本村中只有25.5%的最贫困农户在2007年得到了低保;同时,处于赤贫指数最低端的20%和40%的农户分别只得到了最低生活保障名额的50.67%和73.33%。而在获得最低生活保障的农户中,有1/5以上的农户认为低保金对改善他们家庭经济状况帮助很小或者没有任何帮助。基于以上研究结论,本文认为政府在继续增加对农村最低生活保障制度的财政投入的同时,应当在建立健全更为规范完善的收入核算标准的基础上,从研究和实践两个方面继续探索发展适合我国农村的多维度的贫困户鉴别制度,提高农村低保的瞄准效率。
With the adjustment of poverty reduction strategies from poor areas to poor people, Chinese government initiated the Minimum Living Standard Protection Scheme （MLSPS） in rural areas in 2007. Based on a national-representative household survey data, this paper measures the multiple-poverty of households with destitution index, by which it evaluates the targeting of rural MLSPS. Lower destitution index indicates that the household is poorer and then in theory should be more qualified for receiving the MLSPS. The results show that the rural MLSPS did not target well due to spill-over and leakage, and the analysis conducted at village level shows that ：① only 25.5 % of the poorest households were accepted the MLSPS in 2007 while other relatively richer households were accepted MLSPS in the same village; ②only 51% of the MLSPS beneficiaries fell in the bottom 20% of destitution index, and 73% fell in the bottom 40 %. Furthermore, those who received the MLSPS reported that the MLSPS did little or no help to their family. This paper concludes that the government should explore how to measure the poverty of rural households both in theory and in practice to improve the targeting efficiency while increasing financial support to the MLSPS.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第6期67-73,共7页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
中国科学院"百人计划"项目
中国科学院生物局重大创新项目(编号:KSCX2-YW-N-039)
英国IDS亚洲社会保障项目
关键词
农村低保
赤贫指数
精准
rural minimum living standard protection scheme
destitution index
targeting
