摘要
云贵高原上的喀斯特岩溶山区分布面积很广,生态系统脆弱,一旦开发不当,就会引发严重的土地石漠化灾变。入清前,这一地区的各族居民都能精心做到经济开发与生态环境维护相互兼容,中央王朝及地方政府在经营过程中,对各民族传统的生计方式也较为尊重,因而石漠化灾变并不明显。清雍正年间,推行大规模"改土归流"后,由于开发管理无序,加之经营模式与当地生态环境不相适应,最终诱发了石漠化灾变的扩大,影响了这一地区的生态建设和经济发展,进而对长江流域、珠江流域的生态安全和经济发展都产生了一定副作用,相关地区的社会稳定也蒙受了一定影响。因此揭示云贵高原喀斯特山区生态系统的脆弱性,探究石漠化灾变形成的历史成因,寻求有效的治理对策可以为该地区的生态维护提供有益的借鉴和参考。
The ecosystem of the wide Karst mountainous areas of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is quite fragile.Improper exploitation would lead to serious land desertification disasters.Before the Qing Dynasty,the stony desertification was not serious here due to the care to the compatible relationship between the economic development and ecological environment protection from the local people of all groups and the respects to the local people＇s traditional livelihood from both the central government and local governments in the region.However,during the reign of Emperor Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty,the disordered management and exploitation in the large-scale movement of appointing ethnic hereditary headmen as officials and bringing ethnic areas under unified administration and the development modes incompatible with the local ecological environment ultimately led to the expansion of stony desertification,seriously affecting the ecological security and economic development of the Yangtze River valley and the Pearl River valley and even the social stability of related areas.To reveal the fragility of the ecosystem,the historical causes of desertification disasters and their countermeasures of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is helpful for safeguarding the ecology of the region.
出处
《原生态民族文化学刊》
2011年第2期9-15,共7页
Journal of Ethnic Culture
基金
国家社科基金重点课题"扩大与稳定我国中西部水资源储养能力的文化对策研究"(项目编号:08AJY025)阶段性成果
关键词
云贵高原
石漠化灾变
民族传统生计
the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau
stony desertification
traditional livelihood
