摘要
目的 了解我院重症监护室（ICU）患者病原菌分布及耐药情况,为临床的诊断和合理用药提供实验室依据.方法 对2008年6月至2010年12月我院ICU患者送检的各种标本检出的病原菌采用VETIK32全自动细菌鉴定仪进行细菌鉴定和药敏分析,并结合纸片扩散法（K-B法）进行药敏试验和耐药性分析.结果 共分离出病原菌329株,其中革兰阴性菌227株（69.0%）,革兰阳性菌95株（28.88%）,真菌7株（2.13%）,其中常见致病菌前5位病原菌为鲍曼不动杆菌56株,占总病原菌17.02%;铜绿假单胞菌52株,占总病原菌15.81%;肺炎克雷伯菌49株,占总病原菌14.89%;金黄色葡萄球菌39株,占总病原菌11.85%;凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌38株,占总病原菌11.55%.大多数病原菌对青霉素、氨苄西林耐药,而对万古霉素、亚胺培南等药物敏感性较好,未发现耐万古霉素金黄色葡萄球菌和耐万古霉素凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌.结论 在ICU内细菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,药敏试验呈多重耐药,治疗上应根据药敏结果选择敏感抗菌药物,避免滥用.
Objective To investigate the bacterial distribution and drug- resistance in patients in intensive care unit and provide theoretical basis for rational usage of antibiotics for the clinic. Methods The Pathogens eoneeted from patients in ICU from June, 2008 to December 2010 were identified by automated microbial identification system; the drug susceptibility and drug- resistance were deteeted by K - 13 method. Results 329 Strains in total were isolated, of which 227 were gram - negative （accounting for 69% ）, 95 were gram - positive （accounting for 28.88 % ）, and 7 were fungus （ accounting for 2.13 % ）. The first 5 predominant Pathogens were aeinetobaeter 49 strains （ 14.89% ）, pseudomonas aeruginosa 46 （ 13.98 % ）, klebsiella 42 （ 12.77 % ）, staphylococcus aureus 39 （ 11.85 % ）, and eoagulase - negative staphylococcus 38 （ 11.55% ）. Majority of pathogens were resistant to penicillin and ampieillin while were sensitive to vaneomyein and imipenem. No staphylococcus strain was resistant to vaneomyein. Conclusion The main pathogens in ICU patients are gram - negative bacteria. The results of drug sensitivity test showed muhidrug - resistance. Therefore, to avoid misuse of antibiotics that lead to drug resistance, the priority should be given to those antibiotics to which the pathogens are susceptible.
出处
《医学检验与临床》
2011年第3期51-53,共3页
Medical Laboratory Science and Clinics
关键词
重症监护室
病原菌分布
耐药性
Intensive care unit
Pathogenic bacterial distribution
Drug resistance
