摘要
本文综述了单质碘、碘酸根和碘离子吸附的最新研究进展,对吸附机理进行了详细讨论。活性炭和有机聚合物是单质碘比较有效的吸附剂,吸附主要靠疏水作用和络合作用来实现。碘酸根的吸附主要靠酸碱作用来实现,由于碘酸根不易与吸附剂产生特异的强相互作用,因而缺乏选择性好的碘酸根特效吸附剂。碘离子被吸附时主要靠化学反应和静电作用,将单质银、氯化银、氧化亚铜等负载到沸石、氧化铝、活性炭、聚合物等基质上可制备出对碘离子产生特效化学吸附的吸附剂,这样的吸附剂虽然吸附容量高,选择性好,但化学稳定性较差,脱附也比较困难。因而制备化学稳定性好、易脱附再生、可循环使用的碘离子特效吸附剂是需要关注的重要问题。
The research progress in the adsorption of iodine,iodate,and iodide was reviewed and the related adsorption mechanisms were discussed.Activated carbons and organic polymers are effective adsorbents for iodine with hydrophobic attraction and complexation as the main adsorption mechanisms.Iodate is mainly adsorbed through the acid-base interaction.In general,there are no effective adsorbents for iodate because of the lack of specific interactions between iodate and the adsorbents.Iodide is adsorbed mainly through chemical reaction and electrostatic attraction.Iodide specific adsorbents can be prepared by loading Ag,AgCl,Cu2O,etc.on zeolite,alumina,activated carbons,polymers,etc..Such adsorbents have a high adsorption capacity and a good selectivity,but a poor chemical stability.Usually they are not easy to regenerate.Therefore,to prepare iodide specific adsorbents with a good chemical stability and reusability is attractive.
出处
《核化学与放射化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期129-135,共7页
Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(50972151
51002164)
2009年度"西部之光"人才培养计划资助项目(科发人教字[2009]236号)
中国科学院"百人计划"资助项目(0660011106)
